{"paper":{"title":"Two-Stage Beamformer Design for Massive MIMO Downlink By Trace Quotient Formulation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Donggun Kim, Gilwon Lee, Youngchul Sung","submitted_at":"2014-11-26T06:48:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, the problem of outer beamformer design based only on channel statistic information is considered for two-stage beamforming for multi-user massive MIMO downlink, and the problem is approached based on signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio (SLNR). To eliminate the dependence on the instantaneous channel state information, a lower bound on the average SLNR is derived by assuming zero-forcing (ZF) inner beamforming, and an outer beamformer design method that maximizes the lower bound on the average SLNR is proposed. It is shown that the proposed SLNR-based outer beamformer design probl"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1411.7121","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}