{"paper":{"title":"Imaging of van der Waals Materials via Standing-Wave Photoemission Microscopy: Depth-Resolved Electronic Structure of WS2","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"A. Bansil, A. Fadul, A. Tiwari, A. X. Gray, B. T. Jonker, C. M. Schneider, E. Gullikson, F. Kronast, F. Salmassi, J. Katoch, J. Nieminen, J. R. Paudel, K. M. McCreary, M. E. Matzelle, R. Muzzio, S. Sheikh","submitted_at":"2026-07-25T06:43:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"Two-dimensional van der Waals materials promise electronic, optoelectronic, and quantum technologies, yet depth-resolved characterization remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate standing-wave photoemission electron microscopy (SW-PEEM) for Angstrom-scale spectromicroscopy of monolayer WS2 on a W/C multilayer substrate. Tuning the X-ray standing wave through the monolayer yields a chemical depth profile and valence-band modulation with enhanced sensitivity to the top and bottom sulfur layers. X-ray optical modeling determines the structure and field distribution. The measurements reveal an ~0"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2607.23073","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2607.23073/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}