{"paper":{"title":"The Cosmological Kibble Mechanism in the Laboratory: String Formation in Liquid Crystals","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"A.M. Srivastava, E.A. Schiff, L. Chandar, M.J. Bowick","submitted_at":"1992-08-19T15:17:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"We have observed the production of strings (disclination lines and loops) via the Kibble mechanism of domain (bubble) formation in the isotropic to nematic phase transition of a sample of uniaxial nematic liquid crystal. The probablity of string formation per bubble is measured to be $0.33 \\pm 0.01$. This is in good agreement with the theoretical value $1/ \\pi$ expected in two dimensions for the order parameter space $S^2/{\\bf Z}_2$ of a simple uniaxial nematic liquid crystal."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-ph/9208233","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}