{"paper":{"title":"The Biggest Explosions in the Universe. II","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Alexander Heger, Chris L. Fryer, Daniel J. Whalen, Jarrett L. Johnson, Joseph Smidt, Wesley Even","submitted_at":"2013-08-15T00:03:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"One of the leading contenders for the origin of supermassive black holes at $z \\gtrsim$ 7 is catastrophic baryon collapse in atomically-cooled halos at $z \\sim$ 15. In this scenario, a few protogalaxies form in the presence of strong Lyman-Werner UV backgrounds that quench H$_2$ formation in their constituent halos, preventing them from forming stars or blowing heavy elements into the intergalactic medium prior to formation. At masses of 10$^ 8$ \\Ms\\ and virial temperatures of 10$^4$ K, gas in these halos rapidly cools by H lines, in some cases forming 10$^4$ - 10$^6$ \\Ms\\ Pop III stars and, a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1308.3278","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}