{"paper":{"title":"When Does Synthetic Patent Data Help? Volume-Fidelity Trade-offs in Low-Resource Multi-Label Classification","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.IR"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Amirhossein Yousefiramandi, Ciaran Cooney","submitted_at":"2026-05-22T23:49:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study when LLM-generated synthetic data helps low-resource multi-label patent classification, separating true synthetic value from the confound that larger augmented sets can win by volume alone. Across six open-source LLMs (3.8-12B), four real-data regimes, 64 WIPO assistive-technology labels, two generation strategies, and three classifier families, the headline BERT-for-Patents micro-F1 jump from 0.120 to 0.702 is largely volume-driven. A duplicate-to-match real-only control that resamples 165 patents to the augmented size reaches 0.678; the controlled synthetic gain is only +0.024 over "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.24296","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.24296/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}