{"paper":{"title":"MetaMorphQ: Physics-Based Metamorphic Testing of Variational Quantum Circuits","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.ET","authors_text":"John Le, Jun Shen, Ngoc Nhi Nguyen, Thai T. Vu, Thi Thuy Nga Nguyen","submitted_at":"2026-06-27T05:34:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"Variational Quantum Eigensolvers (VQEs) are central to quantum computing, yet testing them remains challenging due to the oracle problem: the ground-state energy they compute is itself unknown. Existing approaches, such as convergence-based testing, are unreliable and yield high false-positive rates due to optimisation instability. We propose METAMORPHQ, a metamorphic testing framework that derives test oracles directly from quantum mechanical properties of VQE circuits. Exploiting algebraic properties of parametrised rotation gates and diagonal Hamiltonians, we define five physics-based invar"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.28742","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.28742/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}