{"paper":{"title":"Gravitational Lensing by Cosmic String Loops","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Andrew A de Laix, Tanmay Vachaspati","submitted_at":"1996-05-28T17:11:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"We calculate the deflection of a light ray caused by the gravitational field of a cosmic string loop in the weak field limit and reduce the problem to a single quadrature over a time slice of the loop's world sheet. We then apply this formalism to the problem of gravitational lensing by cosmic string loops. In particular, we find an analytic solution for the special case of a circular loop perpendicular to the optical axis. As examples of more complicated loops, we consider two loops with higher frequency Fourier modes. The numerical analysis illustrates the general features of loop lenses. Ou"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9605171","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}