{"paper":{"title":"Invariance-embedded Machine Learning Sub-grid-scale Stress Models for Meso-scale Hurricane Boundary Layer Flow Simulation I: Model Development and $\\textit{a priori}$ Studies","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ao-ph","physics.app-ph","physics.comp-ph","physics.data-an"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Md Badrul Hasan, Meilin Yu, Tim Oates","submitted_at":"2025-04-20T03:42:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"This study develops invariance-embedded machine learning sub-grid-scale (SGS) stress models admitting turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) backscatter towards more accurate large eddy simulation (LES) of meso-scale turbulent hurricane boundary layer flows. The new machine learning SGS model consists of two parts: a classification model used to distinguish regions with either strong energy cascade or energy backscatter from those with mild TKE transfer and a regression model used to calculate SGS stresses in regions with strong TKE transfer. To ease model implementation in computational fluid dynami"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.14473","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2504.14473/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}