{"paper":{"title":"Sub-Doppler Laser Cooling of Thulium Atoms in a Magneto-optical Trap","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"A. Akimov, A. Sokolov, D. Sukachev, K. Chebakov, N. Kolachevsky, S. Kanorsky, V. Sorokin","submitted_at":"2010-12-24T20:57:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"We have experimentally studied sub-Doppler laser cooling in a magneto-optical trap for thulium atoms working at the wavelength of 410.6\\,nm. Without any dedicated molasses period of sub-Doppler cooling, the cloud of $3\\times 10^6$ atoms at the temperature of 25(5)\\,$\\mu$K was observed. The measured temperature is significantly lower than the Doppler limit of 240$\\mu$K for the cooling transition at 410.6\\,nm. High efficiency of the sub-Doppler cooling process is due to a near-degeneracy of the Land\\'e-$g$ factors of the lower $4f^{13}6s^{2}\\, (J\\,=\\,{7}/{2})$ and the upper $4f^{12}5d_{3/2}6s^{2"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.5433","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}