{"paper":{"title":"Buffered spectrally-peaked proton beams in the relativistic-transparency regime","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"A. Kon, B. Albertazzi, C. A. J. Palmer, D. A. MacLellan, D. C. Carroll, D. Neely, G. Scott, H. Ahmed, J. Fuchs, J. Schreiber, K. F. Kakolee, M. Borghesi, M. J. V. Streeter, M. M. Notley, M. Nakatsutsumi, M. Tampo, M. Zepf, N. P. Dover, P. Hilz, P. McKenna, R. Heathcote, R. Kodama, R. Prasad, S. Kar, S. R. Nagel, Z. Najmudin","submitted_at":"2014-06-13T14:03:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"Spectrally-peaked proton beams ($E_{p}\\approx 8$ MeV, $\\Delta E\\approx 4$ MeV) have been observed from the interaction of an intense laser ($> 10^{19 }$ Wcm$^{-2}$) with ultrathin CH foils, as measured by spectrally-resolved full beam profiles. These beams are reproducibly generated for foil thicknesses (5-100 nm), and exhibit narrowing divergence with decreasing target thickness down to $\\approx 8^\\circ$ for 5 nm. Simulations demonstrate that the narrow energy spread feature is a result of buffered acceleration of protons. Due to their higher charge-to-mass ratio, the protons outrun a carbon "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1406.3540","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}