{"paper":{"title":"Snell's Law and Refraction of Electron World Lines by Intense Laser Fields","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"Kiam H. Kwa, Linn Van Woerkom, Ulrich H. Gerlach","submitted_at":"2013-04-16T12:27:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"The dynamics of an electron driven by arbitrary plane wave laser radiation is formulated as a relativistically and mathematically exact refraction process based on an exact index of refraction. This reformulation leads to that index as an indicator of the energy transfer between the electron and the radiation. It also leads to the dynamics of the electron as being governed (i) by the Lorentzian version of what in Euclidean space is Snell's law, (ii) by an eikonal equation with the corresponding index of refraction, (iii) by geodesics on a spacetime manifold with in-general non-zero curvature ("},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1304.4416","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}