{"paper":{"title":"A kinetic model for the finite-time thermodynamics of small heat engines","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Andrea Puglisi, Angelo Vulpiani, Luca Cerino","submitted_at":"2015-03-04T19:48:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study a molecular engine constituted by a gas of $N \\sim 10^2$ molecules enclosed between a massive piston and a thermostat. The force acting on the piston and the temperature of the thermostat are cyclically changed with a finite period $\\tau$. In the adiabatic limit $\\tau \\to \\infty$, even for finite size $N$, the average work and heats reproduce the thermodynamic values, recovering the Carnot result for the efficiency. The system exhibits a stall time $\\tau^*$ where net work is zero: for $\\tau<\\tau^*$ it consumes work instead of producing it, acting as a refrigerator or as a heat sink. A"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1503.01434","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}