{"paper":{"title":"Hybrid physical/logical zero-noise extrapolation with limited logical executions","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"Mixing a few error-corrected points with many uncorrected ones reduces runtime for zero-noise extrapolation by orders of magnitude.","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"D. V. Babukhin, W. V. Pogosov","submitted_at":"2026-04-16T13:42:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"Before full fault tolerance, partially error-corrected logical executions may be available but costly. We formulate zero-noise extrapolation as a statistical-design problem in which the physical/logical execution mode is an extrapolation variable. Logical circuits provide low-noise anchors, while physical folded circuits supply a cheaper noise lever arm. In a calibrated $p_L=\\gamma p$ model, we derive Richardson variance prefactors, folded-circuit runtime ratios, optimal shot allocation, and bias--variance criteria. We demonstrate that for $\\gamma\\lesssim0.1$, the mixed strategy can substantia"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"For Richardson extrapolation, the mixed-data strategy reduces variance amplification and can lower the required physical runtime by several orders of magnitude when γ ≤ 0.1.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The model assumption that error correction suppresses the effective gate error rate from p to a constant factor γp, independent of circuit depth or other parameters, which is used to derive the variance of the zero-noise estimator.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Mixed physical-logical datasets for zero-noise extrapolation reduce estimator variance and physical runtime by orders of magnitude compared to pure logical or pure physical strategies when error correction suppresses noise by a factor of 0.1 or less.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Mixing a few error-corrected points with many uncorrected ones reduces runtime for zero-noise extrapolation by orders of magnitude.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"19ee1f6dfc09ad2241299a9876b6518ce23cb17ddfbc21d41a026fb229e1d0f3"},"source":{"id":"2604.15014","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":"aabe5bb7-cf54-418f-979d-2d01b35915af","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-10T11:55:21.291027Z","strongest_claim":"For Richardson extrapolation, the mixed-data strategy reduces variance amplification and can lower the required physical runtime by several orders of magnitude when γ ≤ 0.1.","one_line_summary":"Mixed physical-logical datasets for zero-noise extrapolation reduce estimator variance and physical runtime by orders of magnitude compared to pure logical or pure physical strategies when error correction suppresses noise by a factor of 0.1 or less.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The model assumption that error correction suppresses the effective gate error rate from p to a constant factor γp, independent of circuit depth or other parameters, which is used to derive the variance of the zero-noise estimator.","pith_extraction_headline":"Mixing a few error-corrected points with many uncorrected ones reduces runtime for zero-noise extrapolation by orders of magnitude."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2604.15014/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}