{"paper":{"title":"Impact of Terrestrial Blockage on the Coverage of Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Networks","license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","headline":"Blockages in urban areas raise coverage probability in integrated satellite-terrestrial networks by suppressing interference more than they weaken desired signals.","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"eess.SP","authors_text":"Byungju Lim, Joon-Young Park, Young-Chai Ko","submitted_at":"2026-05-13T07:10:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"The integration of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) with terrestrial networks (TNs) is an important step toward ubiquitous connectivity in sixth-generation (6G). Despite growing interest, the geometric impact of urban blockages on an integrated satellite-terrestrial network (ISTN) has not been rigorously quantified. In this paper, we develop a stochastic geometry-based analytical framework that incorporates a Boolean blockage model to characterize the downlink coverage probability of the ISTN and to provide insights for blockage-aware system design. Our analysis reveals that blockages affect sa"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"satellite-terrestrial integration can enhance coverage probability across diverse environments ranging from open areas to dense urban deployments, offering a resilient and mathematically tractable approach to maintaining connectivity under heterogeneous blockage conditions.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The Boolean blockage model and stochastic geometry assumptions accurately capture real urban propagation and interference statistics for both satellite and terrestrial links.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Satellite-terrestrial integration improves coverage probability under blockages by treating obstacles as spatial shields that reduce aggregate interference.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Blockages in urban areas raise coverage probability in integrated satellite-terrestrial networks by suppressing interference more than they weaken desired signals.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"09986b4d789a3e90c7859b36f5a9615e0d4db37ad67bfff557734d959517d5a1"},"source":{"id":"2605.13098","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":"385fbd48-691c-4ea9-8aea-e6bd30e36012","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-14T18:39:48.015011Z","strongest_claim":"satellite-terrestrial integration can enhance coverage probability across diverse environments ranging from open areas to dense urban deployments, offering a resilient and mathematically tractable approach to maintaining connectivity under heterogeneous blockage conditions.","one_line_summary":"Satellite-terrestrial integration improves coverage probability under blockages by treating obstacles as spatial shields that reduce aggregate interference.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The Boolean blockage model and stochastic geometry assumptions accurately capture real urban propagation and interference statistics for both satellite and terrestrial links.","pith_extraction_headline":"Blockages in urban areas raise coverage probability in integrated satellite-terrestrial networks by suppressing interference more than they weaken desired signals."},"references":{"count":11,"sample":[{"doi":"","year":2022,"title":"Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Networks Toward 6G: Architectures, Applications, and Challenges,","work_id":"0957a943-5ef3-4e55-adb0-eb734d511a5b","ref_index":1,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2019,"title":"Broadban d LEO Satellite Communications: Architectures and Key Technolo gies,","work_id":"2394a279-e2ae-4232-98d9-973363f2b0b0","ref_index":2,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2023,"title":"A Tractable Approach to Cove rage Analysis in Downlink Satellite Networks,","work_id":"ffb1796f-b8b4-450b-8327-9bedbc6bf0d2","ref_index":3,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2014,"title":"Analysis of Blockage Effe cts on Urban Cellular Networks,","work_id":"3a0eb612-033e-4e2d-b301-7b4b738abc9d","ref_index":4,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2064,"title":"Tractable Modelling and Perf ormance Analysis of UA V Networks With 3D Blockage Effects,","work_id":"d30b2617-eb1c-4a56-8a24-83df014084de","ref_index":5,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false}],"resolved_work":11,"snapshot_sha256":"79801c239d2e8464e40ba3d05d63f942ab74ae3973c81d3e061c3f38daf87ae6","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}