{"paper":{"title":"The Astrochemical Impact of Cosmic Rays in Protoclusters II: CI-to-H$_2$ and CO-to-H$_2$ Conversion Factors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Brandt A.L. Gaches, Stella S.R. Offner, Thomas G. Bisbas","submitted_at":"2019-08-19T18:00:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"We utilize a modified astrochemistry code which includes cosmic ray attenuation in-situ to quantify the impact of different cosmic-ray models on the CO-to-H$_2$ and CI-to-H$_2$ conversion factors, $X_{\\rm CO}$ and $X_{\\rm CI}$, respectively. We consider the impact of cosmic rays accelerated by accretion shocks, and show that clouds with star formation efficiencies greater than 2\\% have $X_{\\rm CO} = (2.5 \\pm 1)\\times10^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$(K km s$^{-1}$)$^{-1}$, consistent with Milky Way observations. We find that changing the cosmic ray ionization rate from external sources from the canonical $\\ze"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.06999","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.06999/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}