{"paper":{"title":"A Possible Solution to the Horizon Problem: The Mad Era for Massless Scalar Theories of Gravity","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Janna J Levin, Katherine Freese","submitted_at":"1992-11-17T19:15:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Extensions of Einstein gravity which allow the gravitational constant $G$ to change with time as the universe evolves may provide a resolution to the horizon problem without invoking a period of vacuum domination and without the subsequent entropy violation. In a cosmology for which the gravitational constant is not in fact constant, the universe may be older at a given temperature than in a standard Hot Big Bang universe; thus, larger regions of space could have come into causal contact at that temperature. This opens the possibility that large regions became smooth at some high temperature w"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9211011","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/9211011/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}