{"paper":{"title":"Intra-Pair Skew Propagation Graph (ISPG): An Analytical Model for Cascaded Channels","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"A graph-based model called ISPG calculates cumulative intra-pair skew in cascaded high-speed channels by integrating it with S-parameter calculations.","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"eess.SP","authors_text":"Amendra Koul, David Nozadze, Mike Sapozhnikov, Sayed Ashraf Mamun, Srinath Penugonda, Zurab Kiguradze","submitted_at":"2026-05-09T00:12:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"As data rates scale, intra-pair skew has become a critical bottleneck for high-speed differential signaling. Current analytical models are often limited, while 3D electromagnetic simulations are computationally intensive. This paper presents a comprehensive analytical framework for intra-pair skew in generic asymmetric coupled transmission lines, explicitly integrating skew into S-parameter formulations. We introduce the Intra-pair Skew Propagation Graph (ISPG), a novel graph-based methodology for calculating cumulative skew in complex, cascaded channels. The proposed framework is validated ag"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"We introduce the Intra-pair Skew Propagation Graph (ISPG), a novel graph-based methodology for calculating cumulative skew in complex, cascaded channels. The proposed framework is validated against both S-parameter simulations and empirical measurements of a 2m twinax cable assembly, demonstrating excellent accuracy and robustness for high-speed interconnect design.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"That intra-pair skew in generic asymmetric coupled transmission lines can be explicitly and accurately integrated into S-parameter formulations such that the graph-based propagation model captures cumulative effects without significant unmodeled interactions or losses.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"Presents the Intra-pair Skew Propagation Graph (ISPG) as a novel analytical framework for modeling cumulative intra-pair skew in complex cascaded channels by integrating skew into S-parameter formulations.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"A graph-based model called ISPG calculates cumulative intra-pair skew in cascaded high-speed channels by integrating it with S-parameter calculations.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"4e50c5ca70d5b51f35ca8d6e42de8e14d63a6bd802cae32abd7bfd9a95f5f109"},"source":{"id":"2605.08570","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":"22936623-08f2-4c59-bfdb-5165af6121e1","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-12T01:51:52.692821Z","strongest_claim":"We introduce the Intra-pair Skew Propagation Graph (ISPG), a novel graph-based methodology for calculating cumulative skew in complex, cascaded channels. 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