{"paper":{"title":"A Method of Joint Angle Estimation Using Only Relative Changes in Muscle Lengths for Tendon-driven Humanoids with Complex Musculoskeletal Structures","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.RO","authors_text":"Kei Okada, Kento Kawaharazuka, Masaya Kawamura, Masayuki Inaba, Shogo Makino, Yuki Asano","submitted_at":"2024-04-22T11:37:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"Tendon-driven musculoskeletal humanoids typically have complex structures similar to those of human beings, such as ball joints and the scapula, in which encoders cannot be installed. Therefore, joint angles cannot be directly obtained and need to be estimated using the changes in muscle lengths. In previous studies, methods using table-search and extended kalman filter have been developed. These methods express the joint-muscle mapping, which is the nonlinear relationship between joint angles and muscle lengths, by using a data table, polynomials, or a neural network. However, due to computat"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.14100","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2404.14100/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}