{"paper":{"title":"Estimation of the CMB temperature from atomic C\\,{\\sc i} and molecular CO lines in the interstellar medium of early galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"A.V. Ivanchik, P. Noterdaeme, P. Petitjean, R. Srianand, V.V. Klimenko","submitted_at":"2021-05-31T22:13:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"The linear increase of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature with cosmological redshift, $T_{\\rm CMB} = T_0(1 + z)$, is a prediction of the standard cosmological $\\Lambda$CDM model. There are currently two methods to measure this dependence at redshift $z>0$, and that is equally important to estimate the CMB temperature $T_0$ at the present epoch $z=0$. The first method is based on the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect for a galaxy cluster. aThe second method is based on the analysis of the populations of atomic and molecular energy levels observed in the absorption spectra of quasars."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.00119","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2106.00119/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}