{"paper":{"title":"Heavy-Flavor Electron Classification Using Hadronic Environment as Point Cloud","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-ex","authors_text":"Jingyu Zhang, Long Ma, Wanbing He","submitted_at":"2026-07-02T14:27:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"Electrons from semi-leptonic decays of charm (D) and bottom (B) hadrons are important probes in high-energy collisions, while their separation remains challenging due to the similarity of the underlying decay topologies. In this work, we represent the hadronic environment as a point cloud and investigate a hadron-based approach for distinguishing charm- and bottom-origin electrons using several set-based machine learning architectures, including Transformer models. Comparable performance is observed across different architectures, indicating that the dominant limitation originates from the int"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2607.02225","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2607.02225/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}