{"paper":{"title":"Nitrogen-containing Anions and Tholin Growth in Titan's Ionosphere: Implications for Cassini CAPS-ELS Observations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Andrew J. Coates, Anne Wellbrock, David Dubois, J\\'er\\'emy Bourgalais, Ludovic Vettier, Nathalie Carrasco, Ravindra T. Desai","submitted_at":"2019-02-14T20:08:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) Electron Spectrometer (ELS) instrument onboard Cassini revealed an unexpected abundance of negative ions above 950 km in Titan's ionosphere. \\textit{In situ} measurements indicated the presence of negatively charged particles with mass-over-charge ratios up to 13,800 \\textit{u/q}. At present, only a handful of anions have been characterized by photochemical models, consisting mainly of C$_n$H$^-$ carbon chain and C$_{n-1}$N$^-$ cyano compounds ($n=2-6$); their formation occurring essentially through proton abstraction from their parent neutral molecules. "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1902.05585","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}