{"paper":{"title":"Imaging Renal Urea Handling in Rats at Millimeter Resolution using Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.bio-ph","q-bio.TO"],"primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","authors_text":"Alan S. Verkman, Bertram L. Koelsch, Cornelius von Morze, Daniel B. Vigneron, Galen D. Reed, Jan Henrik Ardenkj{\\ae}r Larsen, Jeff M. Sands, John Kurhanewicz, Michael Lustig, Myriam M. Chaumeil, Peder E. Z. Larson, Sabrina M. Ronen, Zhen J. Wang","submitted_at":"2015-11-01T01:58:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"\\textit{In vivo} spin spin relaxation time ($T_2$) heterogeneity of hyperpolarized \\textsuperscript{13}C urea in the rat kidney was investigated. Selective quenching of the vascular hyperpolarized \\textsuperscript{13}C signal with a macromolecular relaxation agent revealed that a long-$T_2$ component of the \\textsuperscript{13}C urea signal originated from the renal extravascular space, thus allowing the vascular and renal filtrate contrast agent pools of the \\textsuperscript{13}C urea to be distinguished via multi-exponential analysis. The $T_2$ response to induced diuresis and antidiuresis w"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1511.00200","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}