{"paper":{"title":"Control and Scheduling of Behind-the-Meter Battery Energy Storage Systems for Stacked Grid and Building Services","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"A two-stage scheduler lets one behind-the-meter battery deliver stacked building and grid frequency services at once.","cross_cats":["cs.SY"],"primary_cat":"eess.SY","authors_text":"Alexandre L\\^e-Agopyan, Fabrizio Sossan, Nour-eddine Id omar","submitted_at":"2026-05-08T14:05:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper proposes and experimentally validates a two-stage scheduling and control strategy for a behind-the-meter battery energy storage system (BESS) delivering both local and grid services. Considered services are the maximization of PV self-consumption, peak-load reduction, and secondary frequency control (aFRR).The day-ahead stage allocates battery capacity across local and balancing services using a scenario based approach, reflecting potential remuneration from aFRR participation without committing to fixed power availability; in the real-time stage, BESS set-points are computed in a p"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in scheduling and actuating the provision of both behind-the-meter and front-of-the-meter services.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"The day-ahead stage allocates battery capacity across local and balancing services using a scenario based approach, reflecting potential remuneration from aFRR participation without committing to fixed power availability.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"A two-stage day-ahead and real-time strategy for behind-the-meter BESS enables stacked delivery of local building services and grid aFRR, experimentally validated on a 300 kW peak Swiss campus building with a 264 kWh battery.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"A two-stage scheduler lets one behind-the-meter battery deliver stacked building and grid frequency services at once.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"eea417eb5129fc9425b7f4e382fb568dc3a27699b86189d42cd6ea56efd5ec69"},"source":{"id":"2605.07762","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":"85e43634-9a97-49bb-afad-1f6c8842b09c","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-11T03:00:12.064351Z","strongest_claim":"The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in scheduling and actuating the provision of both behind-the-meter and front-of-the-meter services.","one_line_summary":"A two-stage day-ahead and real-time strategy for behind-the-meter BESS enables stacked delivery of local building services and grid aFRR, experimentally validated on a 300 kW peak Swiss campus building with a 264 kWh battery.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"The day-ahead stage allocates battery capacity across local and balancing services using a scenario based approach, reflecting potential remuneration from aFRR participation without committing to fixed power availability.","pith_extraction_headline":"A two-stage scheduler lets one behind-the-meter battery deliver stacked building and grid frequency services at once."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.07762/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[{"name":"doi_title_agreement","ran_at":"2026-05-19T16:01:18.297444Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"doi_compliance","ran_at":"2026-05-19T11:33:16.866503Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0}],"snapshot_sha256":"339782b56df7b96199bdcbd90ad26ac1b47e2a63c453fad6b6d46281d515af16"},"references":{"count":29,"sample":[{"doi":"","year":2018,"title":"E. Namor, F. Sossan, R. Cherkaoui, M. Paolone, Control of battery storage systems for the simultaneous provision of multiple services, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 10 (3) (2018) 2799–2808","work_id":"50f42b45-e5f5-45d7-98d4-3aa752aa0870","ref_index":1,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2022,"title":"S. Hanif, M. J. E. Alam, K. Roshan, B. A. Bhatti, J. C. Bedoya, Multi-service battery energy storage system opti- mization and control, Applied Energy 311 (2022) 118614","work_id":"d61a4a94-5164-44a3-8195-e9127c85ecbf","ref_index":2,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2018,"title":"Y . Shi, B. Xu, D. Wang, B. Zhang, Using battery stor- age for peak shaving and frequency regulation: Joint op- timization for superlinear gains, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 33 (3) (2018) 2882–","work_id":"4d55ba6b-0e55-4f32-93fa-aa8008cabdcd","ref_index":3,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2020,"title":"J. Engels, B. Claessens, G. Deconinck, Optimal combina- tion of frequency control and peak shaving with battery storage systems, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 11 (4) (2020) 3270–3279","work_id":"de1329ea-7856-4ffe-b8cd-4f413b928b10","ref_index":4,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2020,"title":"H. Almasalma, G. Deconinck, Simultaneous provision of voltage and frequency control by pv-battery systems, IEEE access 8 (2020) 152820–152836","work_id":"699f624f-00f3-44d8-a627-200fe08f3c24","ref_index":5,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false}],"resolved_work":29,"snapshot_sha256":"91fdfad961088ad51ef9dd6ab9b6575bd685537695f2a6b1c659bc1201a41eb7","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}