{"paper":{"title":"Shearing of frictional sphere packings","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Charles Radin, Donald J. Suntrup III, Harry L. Swinney, Jean-Fran\\c{c}ois M\\'etayer, Matthias Schr\\\"oter","submitted_at":"2010-12-22T16:07:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"We measure shear response in packings of glass beads by pulling a thin, rough, metal plate vertically through a bed of volume fraction phi, which is set, before the plate is pulled, in the range 0.575 to 0.628. The yield stress is velocity independent over 4 decades and increases exponentially with phi, with a transition at phi approximately 0.595. An analysis of the measured force fluctuations indicates that the shear modulus is significantly smaller than the bulk modulus."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.5023","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}