{"paper":{"title":"PALMs: Using Multi Construct-Grounded Rationales for Modeling Population Preferences in LLMs","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Brihi Joshi, Emilio Ferrara, Jieyu Zhao, Preyashi Poddar, Priyanka Dey","submitted_at":"2026-08-02T19:31:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large language models are being extensively used to simulate individual user behavior, yet faithfully representing a population requires capturing the systematic variation in values, beliefs, and cultural norms that distinguish one group from another. We introduce Population Aligned Language Models (PALMs), a suite of models each aligned to specific populations, covering five countries: USA, India, Brazil, France and Italy. PALMs are created by synthesizing rationales grounded in psychological and cultural constructs and using these as latent supervision during preference tuning for population"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2608.01458","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2608.01458/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}