{"paper":{"title":"Nuclear halo of a 177 MeV proton beam in water: theory, measurement and parameterization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ins-det"],"primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","authors_text":"Bernard Gottschalk, Ethan W. Cascio, Juliane Daartz, Miles S. Wagner","submitted_at":"2014-09-05T20:16:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"The dose distribution of a monoenergetic pencil beam in water consists of an electromagnetic \"core\", a \"halo\" from charged nuclear secondaries, and a much larger \"aura\" from neutral secondaries. These regions overlap, but each has distinct spatial characteristics.\n  We have measured the core/halo using a 177MeV test beam offset in a water tank. The beam monitor was a fluence calibrated plane parallel ionization chamber (IC) and the field chamber, a dose calibrated Exradin T1, so the dose measurements are absolute (MeV/g/p). We performed depth-dose scans at ten displacements from the beam axis "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.1938","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}