{"paper":{"title":"New Lower Bounds in Merlin-Arthur Communication and Graph Streaming Verification","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.DS","authors_text":"Prantar Ghosh, Vihan Shah","submitted_at":"2024-01-12T05:01:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"We show new lower bounds in the \\emph{Merlin-Arthur} (MA) communication model and the related \\emph{annotated streaming} or stream verification model. The MA communication model is an enhancement of the classical communication model, where in addition to the usual players Alice and Bob, there is an all-powerful but untrusted player Merlin who knows their inputs and tries to convince them about the output. Most functions have MA protocols with total communication significantly smaller than what would be needed without Merlin. We focus on the online MA (OMA) model, which is the MA analogue of on"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.06378","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2401.06378/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}