{"paper":{"title":"Backward-propagating MeV electrons from $10^{18}$ W/cm$^2$ laser interactions with water","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"Chris Orban, Enam A. Chowdhury, John A. Nees, John T. Morrison, Kyle D. Frische, Richard R. Freeman, Scott Feister, Vladimir M. Ovchinnikov, W. Melvyn Roquemore","submitted_at":"2015-01-09T20:47:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present an experimental study of the generation of $\\sim$MeV electrons opposite to the direction of laser propagation following the relativistic interaction at normal incidence of a $\\sim$3 mJ, $10^{18}$ W/cm$^2$ short pulse laser with a flowing 30 $\\mu$m diameter water column target. Faraday cup measurements record hundreds of pC charge accelerated to energies exceeding 120 keV, and energy-resolved measurements of secondary x-ray emissions reveal an x-ray spectrum peaking above 800 keV, which is significantly higher energy than previous studies with similar experimental conditions and more"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.02261","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}