{"paper":{"title":"Revisit cosmic ray propagation by using $^{1}$H, $^{2}$H, $^{3}$He and $^{4}$He","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Chen Huan, Juan Wu","submitted_at":"2018-09-13T12:12:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"The secondary-to-primary ratios are unique tools to investigate cosmic ray propagation mechanisms. In this work, we use the latest data of deuteron-to-helium~4 ratio and helium~3-to-helium~4 ratio measured by PAMELA combined with other Z$\\leq$2 primary fluxes measured by PAMELA and Voyager-1, to constrain the cosmic ray acceleration and propagation models. The analysis is performed by interfacing statistical tools with the GALPROP propagation package. To better fit both the modulated and unmodulated low energy cosmic ray data, we find that a time-, charge- and rigidity-dependent solar modulati"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.04905","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}