{"paper":{"title":"Precursor phenomena of nucleations of quantized vortices in the presence of a uniformly moving obstacle in Bose-Einstein condensates","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.quant-gas","authors_text":"Masaya Kunimi, Yusuke Kato","submitted_at":"2013-05-17T06:58:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate excitations and fluctuations of Bose-Einstein condensates in a two-dimensional torus with a uniformly moving Gaussian potential by solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and the Bogoliubov equation. The energy gap $\\Delta$ between the current-flowing metastable state (that reduces to the ground state for sufficiently slowly-moving potential) and the first excited state vanishes when the moving velocity $v$ of the potential approaches a critical velocity v_c(>0). We find a scaling law $\\Delta \\propto (1-|v|/v_c)^{1/4}$, which implies that a characteristic time scale diverges towar"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1305.3995","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"}