{"arxiv_id":"1011.5850","incoming":{"papers":6,"sentences":7,"groups":[{"kind":"data_used","label":"Uses its data or values","papers":1,"sentences":1,"quotes":[{"arxiv_id":"2602.03923","title":"An emulator for the ionizing photon mean free path in ultra-high resolution simulations: the implications of mean free path measurements for the reionization history","url":"/paper/2602.03923","section":"Mean Free Path Predictions for Patchy Reionization","sentence":"The photoionization rate measurements are compiled from [ref] , [ref] , [ref] , [ref] , and [ref] .[For reproducibility, the adopted $Γ_-12$ values (in units of $10^-12$ s$^-1$, prioritizing the most recent studies) are: $z=4.8$: $0.58^+0.08_-0.20$; $z=4.9$: $0.501^+0.275_-0.232$; $z=5.0$: $0.557^+0.376_-0.218$; $z=5.1$: $0.508^+0.324_-0.192$; $z=5.2$: $0.502^+0.292_-0.193$; $z=5.3$: $0.404^+0.272_-0.147$; $z=5.4$: $0.372^+0.217_-0.126$; $z=5.5$: $0.344^+0.219_-0.130$; $z=5.6$: $0.319^+0.194_-0.120$; $z=5.7$: $0.224^+0.223_-0.112$; $z=5.8$: $0.178^+0.194_-0.078$; $z=5.9$: $0.151^+0.151_-0.079$; $z=6.0$: $0.145^+0.157_-0.087$.] Since this specifies $Γ_-12$, the emulator can then predict the MFP with redshift given a model for $Q(z)$.","intent_p":1.0,"contests_p":null}]},{"kind":"background","label":"Cites it as background","papers":1,"sentences":1,"quotes":[{"arxiv_id":"1101.4399","title":"High-Redshift Metals. II. Probing Reionization Galaxies with Low-Ionization Absorption Lines at Redshift Six","url":"/paper/1101.4399","section":"Introduction","sentence":"Statistics of the scarce transmitted flux in the forest are being combined with insights from quasar proximity zones to learn about the very high-redshift IGM [ref] .","intent_p":0.92,"contests_p":null}]}],"unlabelled_sentences":5},"outgoing":{"papers":0,"sentences":0,"groups":[],"unlabelled_sentences":0},"claims":[],"thresholds":{"intent_p":0.8,"supports_p":0.95,"contests_p":0.7},"method":"Citing sentences come from each paper's LaTeX source; every \\cite marks the sentence and the works it cites. Pith's classifier typed each sentence. A label is shown at intent probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more. Measured accuracy against two blind model families is at https://pith.science/accuracy. The quoted sentences are the citing authors' own.","held_up":{"arxiv_id":"1011.5850","kind":"model","paper_version":1,"prompt_version":"held-up-v3.5","generated_at":"2026-10-27T19:40:35+00:00","loaded_at":"2026-10-28T01:03:33.549931+00:00","evidence":"some","account":[],"groups":[{"kind":"method_or_tool","label":"Uses its method or tool","papers":1,"entries":[],"papers_all":3,"self_papers":1,"self_entries":[{"p":0.98,"quote":{"text":"Following [ref] , $R_eq$ is related to $Γ_bg$ and the ionizing luminosity of the QSO, $L_912$, by [equation] where $σ_0$ and $α_ν^ion$ are the ionization cross section at 912 Å and the power-law index of the QSO continuum at $λ<912$ Å in the frequency domain, respectively, and $ħ$ is the reduced Planck constant. $L_912$ can be further related to the absolute magnitude corresponding the the mean luminosity at rest-frame 1450 Å, $L_1450$, by $L_912=L_1450(ν_912/ν_1450)^-α_ν^UV$.","citing":"2308.04614","section":"Methods"},"citing":[{"self":true,"year":2023,"title":"Probing Ultra-late Reionization: Direct Measurements of the Mean Free Path over $5 5 in its UVB calculations."},{"p":1.0,"quote":null,"citing":[{"self":false,"year":2018,"title":"New synthesis models of consistent extragalactic background light over cosmic time","arxiv_id":"1801.09693"}],"verified":true,"paraphrase":"Used the measurements this paper obtained from proximity zones of high-z QSOs at z = 5 and 6.1."}],"papers_all":10,"self_papers":0,"self_entries":[]}],"counts":{"by_kind":{"data_used":10,"comparison":16,"method_or_tool":3,"supports_this_paper":2},"dropped":{"relied_on":0,"unknown_ids":0,"account_lines":0,"contest_vetoed":0,"below_threshold":0,"contest_drawback":0,"contest_without_basis":0,"contest_not_one_sentence":0,"contest_on_group_citation":0},"papers_read":6,"self_papers":18,"citing_papers":73,"sentences_read":7,"citing_sentences":97,"unambiguous_read":7,"typed_independent":22,"independent_papers":55,"by_kind_independent":{"data_used":10,"comparison":10,"method_or_tool":1,"supports_this_paper":1}},"input_sha256":"629470e3a2671713ac4bff7737950b5f72fb400908b6c838d51c11e219ca339e","method":"For a paper with five or more citing arXiv papers, Pith selected up to 40 citing sentences its citation classifier typed, read those whose citation markers point at this paper alone, and wrote one paraphrase for each later paper in each group, each resting on one sentence. A later paper is listed under a label only when the classifier gives one of its sentences that label at intent probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), Pith's reading of the sentence finds that the citing paper itself did it, and a second check of the paraphrase against the sentence passes. The section lists uses only: building on the paper, using its method, tool, data or values, comparing with it and citing it as support. It does not list criticism or disagreement, so their absence says nothing about how the paper has been received. Code counted the papers, wrote the summary from the listed entries, set the evidence level and linked each entry to its citing paper. Quotes are copied from the citing sentence and shown only when the citing paper's licence is CC BY, CC BY-SA or CC0; otherwise the paraphrase is shown. Papers that share an author with this one are listed apart. A paper with fewer citing papers gets a line counted by code, which names uses only: a later paper whose only label is a contest is counted as not described.","line":null,"summary":"2 later papers by other authors are listed below: 2 used its data or values. 1 more paper by the same authors is listed: 1 used its method or tool."},"_links":{"html":"https://pith.science/paper/1011.5850"}}