{"paper":{"title":"The X-ray properties of z$\\sim$6 luminous quasars","arxiv_id":"1704.08693","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-04-27T18:00:01+00:00","version_compiled":"v1"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13.0 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v1","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":0.98,"id":"s0","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We present a systematic analysis of X-ray archival data of all the 29 quasars (QSOs) at $z$ > 5.5 observed so far with Chandra, XMM-Newton and Swift-XRT, including the most-distant quasar ever discovered, ULAS J1120+0641 ($z$ = 7.08).","hedge":{"p":0.98,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.9,"main_claim_p":0.03,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.99,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.02,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.98,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":1,"p":0.62,"id":"s1","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"This study allows us to place constraints on the mean spectral properties of the primordial population of luminous Type 1 (unobscured) quasars.","hedge":{"p":0.74,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.6,"main_claim_p":0.08,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.06,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.01,"method":0.0,"result":0.02,"background":0.01,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.62,"interpretation":0.34}},{"i":2,"p":0.79,"id":"s2","own":true,"role":"result","text":"Eighteen quasars are detected in the X-ray band, and we provide spectral-fitting results for their X-ray properties, while for the others we provide upper limits to their soft (0.5-2.0 keV) X-ray flux.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.96,"main_claim_p":0.04,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.98,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.02,"result":0.79,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.19,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":3,"p":0.94,"id":"s3","own":true,"role":"result","text":"We measured the power-law photon index and derived an upper limit to the column density for the five quasars (J1306+0356, J0100+2802, J1030+0524, J1148+5251, J1120+0641) with the best spectra (> 30 net counts in the 0.5-7.0 keV energy range) and find that they are consistent with values from the literature and lower-redshift quasars.","hedge":{"p":0.96,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.97,"main_claim_p":0.07,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.98,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.02,"result":0.94,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.04,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":4,"p":1.0,"id":"s4","own":true,"role":"result","text":"By stacking the spectra of ten quasars detected by Chandra in the redshift range 5.7 $\\le$ $z$ $\\le$ 6.1 we find a mean X-ray power-law photon index of $\\Gamma = 1.92_{-0.27}^{+0.28}$ and a neutral intrinsic absorption column density of $N_H \\le 10^{23}$ cm$^{-2}$.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.98,"main_claim_p":0.11,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.99,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":1.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":5,"p":1.0,"id":"s5","own":true,"role":"interpretation","text":"These results suggest that the X-ray spectral properties of luminous quasars have not evolved up to $z$ $\\approx$ 6.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.71,"main_claim_p":0.65,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.86,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":1.0}},{"i":6,"p":0.96,"id":"s6","own":true,"role":"result","text":"We also derived the optical-X-ray spectral slopes ($\\alpha_{ox}$) of our sample and combined them with those of previous works, confirming that $\\alpha_{ox}$ strongly correlates with UV monochromatic luminosity at 2500 \\AA .","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.95,"main_claim_p":0.07,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.72,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.96,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.04,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":7,"p":1.0,"id":"s7","own":true,"role":"interpretation","text":"These results strengthen the non-evolutionary scenario for the spectral properties of luminous active galactic nuclei (AGN).","hedge":{"p":0.59,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.57,"main_claim_p":0.29,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.06,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":1.0}}]},"compiled":{"main_claim":{"p":0.78,"text":"These results suggest that the X-ray spectral properties of luminous quasars have not evolved up to $z$ $\\approx$ 6.","location":"abstract s5","hedge_strength":{"p":1.0,"label":"hedged 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