{"paper":{"title":"Evidence for $\\gtrsim{4}$ Gyr timescales of neutron star mergers from Galactic archaeology","arxiv_id":"2001.03628","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-01-10T19:00:27+00:00","version_compiled":"v1"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13.0 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. 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elements.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.05,"main_claim_p":0.02,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.34,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":1.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":2,"p":0.66,"id":"s2","own":false,"role":"gap","text":"However, chemical evolution models are not able to reproduce the observed chemical abundances in the Milky Way when neutron star mergers are assumed to be the only $r$-process site and realistic time distributions of such events are taken into account.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.12,"main_claim_p":0.04,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.08,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.66,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.33,"limitation":0.01,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":3,"p":0.87,"id":"s3","own":true,"role":"result","text":"Now for the first time, we combine all the available observational evidence of the Milky Way and its dwarf galaxy satellites to show that the data can only be explained if there are (at least) two distinct $r$-process sites: a quick source with timescales comparable to core-collapse supernovae, $t_{quick}\\lesssim10^8$ yr, and a delayed source with characteristic timescales $t_{delayed}\\gtrsim4$ Gyr.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.95,"main_claim_p":0.94,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.99,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.87,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.13,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":4,"p":0.99,"id":"s4","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"The delayed $r$-process source most probably originates in neutron star mergers, as the timescale fits well with that estimated for 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