{"paper":{"title":"Eccentricity Evolution in Gaseous Dynamical Friction","arxiv_id":"2203.01334","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2022-03-02T19:00:01+00:00","version_compiled":"v3"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13.0 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v3","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":0.67,"id":"s0","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We analyse how drag forces modify the orbits of objects moving through extended gaseous distributions.","hedge":{"p":0.8,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.87,"main_claim_p":0.03,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.03,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.33,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.67,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":1,"p":0.83,"id":"s1","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We consider how hydrodynamic (surface area) drag forces and dynamical friction (gravitational) drag forces drive the evolution of orbital eccentricity.","hedge":{"p":0.68,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.71,"main_claim_p":0.08,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.07,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.02,"result":0.0,"background":0.15,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.83,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":2,"p":0.95,"id":"s2","own":true,"role":"result","text":"While hydrodynamic drag forces cause eccentric orbits to become more circular, dynamical friction drag can cause orbits to become more eccentric.","hedge":{"p":0.62,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.64,"main_claim_p":0.29,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.67,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.95,"background":0.04,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.01,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":3,"p":0.93,"id":"s3","own":true,"role":"method","text":"We develop a semi-analytic model that accurately predicts these changes by comparing the total work and torque applied to the orbit at periapse and apoapse.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.96,"main_claim_p":0.08,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.2,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.93,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.07,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":4,"p":0.96,"id":"s4","own":true,"role":"result","text":"We use a toy model of a radial power-law density profile, $\\rho \\propto r^{-\\gamma}$, to determine that there is a critical $\\gamma = 3$ power index which separates the eccentricity evolution in dynamical friction: orbits become more eccentric for $\\gamma < 3$ and circularize for $\\gamma > 3$.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.95,"main_claim_p":0.3,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.98,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.02,"result":0.96,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.02,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":5,"p":0.79,"id":"s5","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We apply these findings to the infall of a Jupiter-like planet into the envelope of its host star.","hedge":{"p":0.87,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.84,"main_claim_p":0.04,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.05,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.19,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.79,"interpretation":0.02}},{"i":6,"p":1.0,"id":"s6","own":false,"role":"background","text":"The hydrostatic envelopes of stars are defined by steep density gradients near the limb and shallower gradients in the interior.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.08,"main_claim_p":0.02,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.47,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":1.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":7,"p":0.98,"id":"s7","own":true,"role":"result","text":"Under the influence of gaseous dynamical friction, an infalling object's orbit will first decrease in eccentricity, then increase.","hedge":{"p":0.98,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.85,"main_claim_p":0.21,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.4,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.98,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.02}},{"i":8,"p":0.98,"id":"s8","own":true,"role":"result","text":"The critical separation that delineates these regimes is predicted by the local density slope and is linearly dependent on polytropic index.","hedge":{"p":0.99,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.84,"main_claim_p":0.14,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.22,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.98,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.02}},{"i":9,"p":1.0,"id":"s9","own":true,"role":"interpretation","text":"More broadly, our findings indicate that binary systems may routinely emerge from common envelope phases with non-zero eccentricities that were excited by the dynamical friction 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