{"paper":{"title":"On The Theory of Ring Afterglows","arxiv_id":"2304.00044","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-03-31T18:02:12+00:00","version_compiled":"v1"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13.0 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v1","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":1.0,"id":"s0","own":false,"role":"background","text":"Synchrotron and inverse Compton emission successfully explain the observed spectra of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.06,"main_claim_p":0.03,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.03,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":1.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":1,"p":1.0,"id":"s1","own":false,"role":"background","text":"It is thought that most GRBs are products of extremely relativistic outflows and the afterglow marks the interaction of that ejecta with the surrounding matter.","hedge":{"p":0.77,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.04,"main_claim_p":0.02,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.12,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":1.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":2,"p":0.98,"id":"s2","own":false,"role":"background","text":"Faster decay of afterglow light curves at late times is indicative of non-spherical geometries, and are usually interpreted as evidence for jet geometry.","hedge":{"p":0.77,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.05,"main_claim_p":0.04,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.24,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.01,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.98,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.01}},{"i":3,"p":0.97,"id":"s3","own":false,"role":"background","text":"Recent numerical simulations have shown that ring-like geometries are also permissible for relativistic outflows.","hedge":{"p":0.59,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.06,"main_claim_p":0.05,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.05,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.03,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.97,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":4,"p":0.98,"id":"s4","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We therefore extend the standard theory of afterglow evolution to ring geometries.","hedge":{"p":0.97,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.84,"main_claim_p":0.1,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.03,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.02,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.98,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":5,"p":0.8,"id":"s5","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"An analytic prescription for the light curves and spectra produced by relativistic toroidal blast waves is presented.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.93,"main_claim_p":0.15,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.04,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.2,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.8,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":6,"p":1.0,"id":"s6","own":true,"role":"result","text":"We compare these to their spherical and jet-like counterparts, and show that ring afterglows decay faster than spherical outflows but not as fast as jets.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.94,"main_claim_p":0.75,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.98,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":1.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}}]},"compiled":{"main_claim":{"p":1.0,"text":"We compare these to their spherical and jet-like counterparts, and show that ring afterglows decay faster than spherical outflows but not as fast as jets.","location":"abstract 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