{"paper":{"title":"The PAU Survey: Active galactic nucleus galaxies in galaxy pairs","arxiv_id":"2610.30309","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2026-10-21T18:22:10+00:00","version_compiled":"v1"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13.0 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v1","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":0.55,"id":"s0","own":false,"role":"background","text":"Aims.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"unclear"},"own_p":0.03,"main_claim_p":0.01,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.01,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.05,"method":0.01,"result":0.0,"background":0.55,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.02,"contribution":0.37,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":1,"p":0.63,"id":"s1","own":false,"role":"contribution","text":"Leveraging the high-precision photometric redshifts of the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS), we aim to investigate the connection between active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and galaxy pairs up to redshifts of $\\sim1.0$. Methods.","hedge":{"p":0.62,"label":"unclear"},"own_p":0.34,"main_claim_p":0.01,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.84,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.21,"result":0.0,"background":0.14,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.02,"contribution":0.63,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":2,"p":0.99,"id":"s2","own":true,"role":"method","text":"We identified 16,824 galaxy pairs with projected separations of $r_p < 100$ kpc and radial-velocity differences of $\\Delta V < 3500$ km s$^{-1}$.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.97,"main_claim_p":0.01,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.99,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.99,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.01,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":3,"p":0.98,"id":"s3","own":true,"role":"method","text":"AGNs were selected by cross-matching PAUS galaxies with multi-wavelength AGN catalogues, yielding 270 AGNs in pairs out of a parent sample of 8,880 AGNs in PAUS.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.96,"main_claim_p":0.02,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.99,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.98,"result":0.01,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.01,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":4,"p":0.99,"id":"s4","own":true,"role":"method","text":"We constructed control samples of isolated AGNs; non-AGNs in pairs; and isolated non-AGNs matched in redshift, absolute magnitude, and environment. Results.","hedge":{"p":0.79,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.95,"main_claim_p":0.01,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.06,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.99,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.01,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":5,"p":1.0,"id":"s5","own":true,"role":"result","text":"Active galactic nuclei in pairs show progressively redder rest-frame colours with increasing redshift, particularly at redshifts of $z\\gtrsim 0.5$, whereas isolated AGNs and non-AGNs in pairs show no significant colour evolution and remain at $\\mathrm{M_g-M_r}\\sim0.65$.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.94,"main_claim_p":0.15,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.98,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":1.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":6,"p":0.98,"id":"s6","own":true,"role":"result","text":"Pairs hosting AGNs are also preferentially morphologically disturbed interacting systems found at smaller projected separations and velocity offsets, consistent with more dynamically advanced interactions. Conclusions.","hedge":{"p":0.52,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.92,"main_claim_p":0.09,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.67,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.98,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.02}},{"i":7,"p":1.0,"id":"s7","own":true,"role":"interpretation","text":"These results provide evidence of a redshift-dependent link between galaxy interactions and AGN activity, suggesting that interactions play an increasingly important role in triggering nuclear activity at intermediate redshifts.","hedge":{"p":0.89,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.87,"main_claim_p":0.96,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.1,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":1.0}},{"i":8,"p":0.55,"id":"s8","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"This study highlights the unique capability of PAUS to probe AGN-galaxy interaction connections beyond the local Universe with unprecedented statistical power.","hedge":{"p":0.99,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.51,"main_claim_p":0.07,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.07,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.02,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.01,"contribution":0.55,"interpretation":0.42}}]},"compiled":{"main_claim":{"p":1.0,"text":"These results provide evidence of a redshift-dependent link between galaxy interactions and AGN activity, suggesting that interactions play an increasingly important role in triggering nuclear activity at intermediate redshifts.","location":"abstract s7","hedge_strength":{"p":0.89,"label":"hedged possibility"}},"provenance":{"route":{"via":"TypeSafe API","model":"classifier-1.13.0","endpoint":"https://api.typesafe.ai/v1/systemone","provider":"TypeSafe"},"packing":"one request per paper","requests":1,"input_tokens":7238,"cost_usd_reported":0.0},"compiled_at":"2026-10-23","bank_version":"abstract-p1-20260923","model_version":"classifier-1.13.0","abstract_states":{"claims_first":0.06,"states_limitation":0.07,"human_participants":0.01,"controlled_comparison":0.98,"randomized_assignment":0.01,"states_quantitative_result":0.98,"compares_with_prior_results":0.54,"mentions_code_or_data_availability":0.02},"evidential_basis":{"p":0.92,"value":"analysis of existing data","probabilities":{"argument":0.0,"literature":0.0,"proof_or_derivation":0.0,"analysis_of_existing_data":0.92,"observation_or_experiment":0.08,"simulation_or_computation":0.0}},"contribution_type":{"p":1.0,"value":"empirical study","probabilities":{"review":0.0,"method_or_tool":0.0,"empirical_study":1.0,"simulation_study":0.0,"theoretical_result":0.0,"dataset_or_benchmark":0.0,"position_or_commentary":0.0}},"contribution_statement":{"p":0.39,"text":"Leveraging the high-precision photometric redshifts of the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS), we aim to investigate the connection between active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and galaxy pairs up to redshifts of $\\sim1.0$. 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