{"paper":{"title":"Constraining tau-sterile neutrino mixing with high-energy astrophysical neutrinos","arxiv_id":"2611.05170","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2026-11-03T16:38:30+00:00","version_compiled":"v1"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13.0 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v1","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":0.74,"id":"s0","own":false,"role":"background","text":"Whether a sterile neutrino mixes with the three active ones remains an open question.","hedge":{"p":0.88,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.03,"main_claim_p":0.02,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.03,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.26,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.74,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":1,"p":0.88,"id":"s1","own":false,"role":"gap","text":"Its mixing with the tau neutrino, $|U_{\\tau 4}|^2$, is the least constrained, since terrestrial experiments probe it only indirectly and over limited ranges of sterile-neutrino mass.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.06,"main_claim_p":0.04,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.7,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.88,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.12,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":2,"p":0.99,"id":"s2","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We show that TeV-PeV astrophysical neutrinos probe it differently.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.63,"main_claim_p":0.07,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.14,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.01,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.99,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":3,"p":0.77,"id":"s3","own":false,"role":"background","text":"Their sources make almost no $\\nu_\\tau$, but oscillations over cosmological distances turn about one third of them into $\\nu_\\tau$ before they reach Earth.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.12,"main_claim_p":0.04,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.95,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.15,"result":0.0,"background":0.77,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.07,"interpretation":0.01}},{"i":4,"p":0.4,"id":"s4","own":false,"role":"contribution","text":"Mixing with a sterile neutrino would make these $\\nu_\\tau$ scarcer, lowering the $\\nu_\\tau$ fraction that neutrino telescopes measure, whatever the sterile-neutrino mass.","hedge":{"p":0.84,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.39,"main_claim_p":0.17,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.17,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.1,"result":0.07,"background":0.04,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.4,"interpretation":0.39}},{"i":5,"p":0.54,"id":"s5","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"In contrast, sterile mixing with $\\nu_e$ or $\\nu_\\mu$ is nearly undetectable.","hedge":{"p":0.99,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.31,"main_claim_p":0.06,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.68,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.01,"method":0.0,"result":0.33,"background":0.01,"limitation":0.02,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.09,"interpretation":0.54}},{"i":6,"p":1.0,"id":"s6","own":true,"role":"result","text":"Fitting the flavor composition measured by IceCube, with the composition at the sources left free, we find $|U_{\\tau 4}|^2 < 0.88$ at 90% C.L.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.96,"main_claim_p":0.74,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.99,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":1.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":7,"p":0.72,"id":"s7","own":true,"role":"result","text":"Combining IceCube with present and planned neutrino telescopes, including IceCube-Gen2 and HUNT, could lower this limit to 0.24-0.29 by 2040 and to 0.12-0.14 by 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