{"paper":{"title":"Cosmological redshift distortion: deceleration, bias and density parameters from future redshift surveys of galaxies","arxiv_id":"astro-ph/9706034","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1997-06-04T10:43:32+00:00","version_compiled":"v2"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13-20260917 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v2","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":1.0,"id":"s0","own":false,"role":"background","text":"The observed two-point correlation functions of galaxies in redshift space become anisotropic due to the geometry of the universe as well as due to the presence of the peculiar velocity field.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.09,"main_claim_p":0.04,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.04,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":1.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":1,"p":0.66,"id":"s1","own":true,"role":"method","text":"On the basis of linear perturbation theory, we expand the induced anisotropies of the correlation functions with respect to the redshift $z$, and obtain analytic formulae to infer the deceleration parameter $q_0$, the density parameter $\\Omega_0$ and the derivative of the bias parameter $d\\ln b/dz$ at $z=0$ in terms of the observable statistical quantities.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.95,"main_claim_p":0.48,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.25,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.66,"result":0.02,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.32,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":2,"p":0.48,"id":"s2","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"The present method does not require any assumption of the shape and amplitude of the underlying fluctuation spectrum, and thus can be applied to future redshift surveys of galaxies including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.","hedge":{"p":0.99,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.67,"main_claim_p":0.14,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.08,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.33,"result":0.01,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.01,"future_work":0.01,"contribution":0.48,"interpretation":0.16}},{"i":3,"p":0.74,"id":"s3","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We also evaluate quantitatively the systematic error in estimating the value of $\\beta_0 \\equiv \\Omega_0^{0.6}/b$ from a galaxy redshift survey on the basis of a conventional estimator for $\\beta_0$ which neglects both the geometrical distortion effect and the time evolution of the parameter $\\beta(z)$.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.89,"main_claim_p":0.08,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.1,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.11,"result":0.15,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.74,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":4,"p":1.0,"id":"s4","own":true,"role":"result","text":"If the magnitude limit of the survey is as faint as 18.5 (in B-band) as in the case of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the systematic error ranges between -20% and 10% depending on the cosmological parameters.","hedge":{"p":0.98,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.87,"main_claim_p":0.12,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.99,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":1.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":5,"p":0.98,"id":"s5","own":true,"role":"interpretation","text":"Although such systematic errors are smaller than the statistical errors in the current surveys, they will dominate the expected statistical error for future surveys.","hedge":{"p":0.9,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.68,"main_claim_p":0.34,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.93,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.02,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.98}}]},"compiled":{"main_claim":{"p":0.77,"text":"Although such systematic errors are smaller than the statistical errors in the current surveys, they will dominate the expected statistical error for future surveys.","location":"abstract s5","hedge_strength":{"p":0.9,"label":"asserted"}},"provenance":{"route":{"via":"OpenRouter","model":"classifier-1.13","endpoint":"https://openrouter.ai/api/v1/systemone","provider":"TypeSafe"},"packing":"one request per paper","requests":1,"input_tokens":5326,"cost_usd_reported":0.000224},"compiled_at":"2026-09-23","bank_version":"abstract-p1-20260923","model_version":"classifier-1.13-20260917","abstract_states":{"claims_first":0.04,"states_limitation":0.41,"human_participants":0.01,"controlled_comparison":0.11,"randomized_assignment":0.01,"states_quantitative_result":0.98,"compares_with_prior_results":0.88,"mentions_code_or_data_availability":0.02},"evidential_basis":{"p":1.0,"value":"proof or derivation","probabilities":{"argument":0.0,"literature":0.0,"proof_or_derivation":1.0,"analysis_of_existing_data":0.0,"observation_or_experiment":0.0,"simulation_or_computation":0.0}},"contribution_type":{"p":0.51,"value":"theoretical result","probabilities":{"review":0.0,"method_or_tool":0.49,"empirical_study":0.0,"simulation_study":0.0,"theoretical_result":0.51,"dataset_or_benchmark":0.0,"position_or_commentary":0.0}},"contribution_statement":{"p":1.0,"text":"On the basis of linear perturbation theory, we expand the induced anisotropies of the correlation functions with respect to the redshift $z$, and obtain analytic formulae to infer the deceleration parameter $q_0$, the density parameter $\\Omega_0$ and the derivative of the bias parameter $d\\ln b/dz$ at $z=0$ in terms of the observable statistical quantities.","location":"abstract s1"}},"coverage":{"tier":"abstract","levels_run":["P abstract"],"not_examined":["full text","figures and tables","references and citing sentences","relations to other papers"],"sources_read":["arXiv listing abstract v2"],"levels_not_run":["S sections","T body sentences","C citations","R cross-paper relations"],"sentences_examined":6,"sentences_in_abstract":6},"measured_accuracy":{"url":"https://pith.science/accuracy","measured_on":"2026-10-02","method":"two independent model families labelled a fresh random sample blind; the figure is how often the published label matches their consensus","sentence_role_agreement":0.92,"main_claim_agreement":0.908,"typed_citation_agreement":0.933,"typed_citation_agreement_95_interval":[0.917,0.945],"review_comments_accurate":0.758,"review_comments_accurate_95_interval":[0.684,0.82],"review_caught_admitted_error_found_or_related":0.448,"review_comments_judged":{"judged_by":["gpt-5.6-luna","grok-4.7"],"judged_against":"Pith's own text copy of each paper: text extracted from the PDF, the first 90,000 characters","measured_on":"2026-10-04","accurate":113,"decided":149,"sampled_reviews":200,"split_by_lane":false,"by_lane":"https://pith.science/accuracy#by-lane"}}}