{"paper":{"title":"(Quasi)Localized Gauge Field on a Brane: Dissipating Cosmic Radiation to Extra Dimensions?","arxiv_id":"hep-th/0010071","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2000-10-11T00:32:28+00:00","version_compiled":"v2"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13-20260917 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v2","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":1.0,"id":"s0","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We propose a mechanism ensuring (quasi)localization of massless gauge fields on a brane.","hedge":{"p":0.44,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.81,"main_claim_p":0.41,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.03,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":1.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":1,"p":0.71,"id":"s1","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"The mechanism does not rely on BPS properties of the brane and can be realized in any theory where charged particles are confined to the world-volume.","hedge":{"p":0.93,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.6,"main_claim_p":0.08,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.07,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.17,"result":0.07,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.03,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.71,"interpretation":0.02}},{"i":2,"p":0.42,"id":"s2","own":true,"role":"method","text":"The localized matter fluctuations induce a gauge kinetic term on the brane.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.7,"main_claim_p":0.09,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.03,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.42,"result":0.37,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.21,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":3,"p":1.0,"id":"s3","own":true,"role":"result","text":"At short distances the resulting propagator for the gauge field is {\\it identical} to the four-dimensional propagator.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.83,"main_claim_p":0.13,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.77,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":1.0,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.0}},{"i":4,"p":0.66,"id":"s4","own":true,"role":"result","text":"The gauge theory on the brane is effectively four-dimensional at short distances; it becomes higher-dimensional on very large (cosmic) scales.","hedge":{"p":0.99,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.74,"main_claim_p":0.27,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.62,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.66,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.34}},{"i":5,"p":0.81,"id":"s5","own":true,"role":"result","text":"The brane-bulk system exhibits the phenomenon of ``infrared transparency''.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.71,"main_claim_p":0.11,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.03,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.81,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.01,"interpretation":0.17}},{"i":6,"p":0.72,"id":"s6","own":true,"role":"result","text":"As a result, only very low frequency modes can escape into extra dimensions.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.67,"main_claim_p":0.17,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.46,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.72,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.28}},{"i":7,"p":0.9,"id":"s7","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"In this framework the large wavelength cosmic radiation can dissipate in extra space at a rate that may be observable, in principle.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.41,"main_claim_p":0.45,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.08,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.1,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.9}},{"i":8,"p":0.6,"id":"s8","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We briefly discuss some astrophysical consequences of this scenario.","hedge":{"p":0.74,"label":"unclear"},"own_p":0.64,"main_claim_p":0.03,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.02,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.01,"result":0.01,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.02,"future_work":0.29,"contribution":0.6,"interpretation":0.07}},{"i":9,"p":0.39,"id":"s9","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"The same mechanism of localization of gauge fields may work in Kaplan's framework for domain wall chiral fermions on lattices.","hedge":{"p":0.99,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.31,"main_claim_p":0.03,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.05,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.01,"result":0.06,"background":0.01,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.33,"contribution":0.2,"interpretation":0.39}}]},"compiled":{"main_claim":{"p":0.59,"text":"In this framework the large wavelength cosmic radiation can dissipate in extra space at a rate that may be observable, in principle.","location":"abstract s7","hedge_strength":{"p":1.0,"label":"hedged possibility"}},"provenance":{"route":{"via":"OpenRouter","model":"classifier-1.13","endpoint":"https://openrouter.ai/api/v1/systemone","provider":"TypeSafe"},"packing":"one request per paper","requests":1,"input_tokens":7321,"cost_usd_reported":0.000307},"compiled_at":"2026-09-23","bank_version":"abstract-p1-20260923","model_version":"classifier-1.13-20260917","abstract_states":{"claims_first":0.03,"states_limitation":0.46,"human_participants":0.01,"controlled_comparison":0.03,"randomized_assignment":0.01,"states_quantitative_result":0.05,"compares_with_prior_results":0.33,"mentions_code_or_data_availability":0.01},"evidential_basis":{"p":0.62,"value":"proof or derivation","probabilities":{"argument":0.38,"literature":0.0,"proof_or_derivation":0.62,"analysis_of_existing_data":0.0,"observation_or_experiment":0.0,"simulation_or_computation":0.0}},"contribution_type":{"p":0.96,"value":"theoretical result","probabilities":{"review":0.0,"method_or_tool":0.03,"empirical_study":0.0,"simulation_study":0.0,"theoretical_result":0.96,"dataset_or_benchmark":0.0,"position_or_commentary":0.01}},"contribution_statement":{"p":1.0,"text":"We propose a mechanism ensuring (quasi)localization of massless gauge fields on a brane.","location":"abstract s0"}},"coverage":{"tier":"abstract","levels_run":["P abstract"],"not_examined":["full text","figures and tables","references and citing sentences","relations to other papers"],"sources_read":["arXiv listing abstract v2"],"levels_not_run":["S sections","T body sentences","C citations","R cross-paper relations"],"sentences_examined":10,"sentences_in_abstract":10},"measured_accuracy":{"url":"https://pith.science/accuracy","measured_on":"2026-10-02","method":"two independent model families labelled a fresh random sample blind; 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