{"paper":{"title":"Are We Observing Violations of Lorentz Symmetry?","arxiv_id":"physics/0602132","primary_cat":"physics.gen-ph","submitted_at":"2006-02-20T13:06:19+00:00","version_compiled":"v1"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13.0 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v1","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":0.85,"id":"s0","own":false,"role":"background","text":"Recent observations of ultra high energy cosmic rays and gamma rays suggest that there are small violations of Lorentz symmetry.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.07,"main_claim_p":0.51,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.09,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.11,"background":0.85,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.04}},{"i":1,"p":0.94,"id":"s1","own":false,"role":"background","text":"If there were no such violations, then the GZK cut off would hold and cosmic rays with energy $\\sim 10^{20}eV$ or higher would not be reaching the earth.","hedge":{"p":0.78,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.05,"main_claim_p":0.07,"quantitative":true,"quantitative_p":0.96,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.94,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.06}},{"i":2,"p":0.59,"id":"s2","own":false,"role":"background","text":"However some such events seem to have been observed.","hedge":{"p":0.65,"label":"hedged_possibility"},"own_p":0.13,"main_claim_p":0.09,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.04,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.01,"method":0.0,"result":0.39,"background":0.59,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.01}},{"i":3,"p":0.67,"id":"s3","own":false,"role":"background","text":"This has lead to phenomenological models in which there is a small violation of the Lorentz symmetry or the velocity of light.","hedge":{"p":0.83,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.07,"main_claim_p":0.16,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.09,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.03,"result":0.0,"background":0.67,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.02,"interpretation":0.27}},{"i":4,"p":0.96,"id":"s4","own":false,"role":"background","text":"However recent Quantum Gravity and String Theory approaches which no longer consider a differentiable spacetime manifold already predict such violations.","hedge":{"p":0.96,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.04,"main_claim_p":0.14,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.05,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.0,"background":0.96,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.01,"interpretation":0.03}},{"i":5,"p":0.95,"id":"s5","own":false,"role":"background","text":"Similarly there are other theoretical reasons which also point to 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