{"paper":{"title":"Quantum Mechanics without Nonlocality","arxiv_id":"quant-ph/0602173","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2006-02-21T12:30:54+00:00","version_compiled":"v3"},"notice":"Every quoted sentence is the authors' text from the arXiv listing abstract. Labels and probabilities are the outputs of classifier-1.13.0 on the question bank abstract-p1-20260923, exactly as returned. No sentence in this record was written by a language model.","schema":"pith.compiled-record/v0","status":"compiled","abstract":{"source":"arXiv listing abstract v3","sentences":[{"i":0,"p":0.48,"id":"s0","own":true,"role":"contribution","text":"We argue that quantum nonlocality of entangled states is not an actual phenomenon.","hedge":{"p":0.93,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.53,"main_claim_p":0.95,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.03,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.42,"background":0.01,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.48,"interpretation":0.09}},{"i":1,"p":0.82,"id":"s1","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"It appears in quantum mechanics as a consequence of the inconsistency of its superposition principle with the corpuscular properties of a quantum particle.","hedge":{"p":0.87,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.2,"main_claim_p":0.16,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.04,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.13,"background":0.01,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.04,"interpretation":0.82}},{"i":2,"p":0.62,"id":"s2","own":false,"role":"background","text":"In the existing form, this principle does not distinguish between macroscopically distinct states of a particle and their superpositions: it implies introducing observables for a particle, even if it is in an entangled state.","hedge":{"p":0.99,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.07,"main_claim_p":0.05,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.16,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.08,"method":0.0,"result":0.03,"background":0.62,"limitation":0.03,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.03,"interpretation":0.21}},{"i":3,"p":0.34,"id":"s3","own":false,"role":"background","text":"However, a particle cannot take part simultaneously in two or more alternative macroscopically distinct sub-processes.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.1,"main_claim_p":0.06,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.31,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.01,"method":0.0,"result":0.25,"background":0.34,"limitation":0.01,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.08,"interpretation":0.31}},{"i":4,"p":0.53,"id":"s4","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"Thus, calculating the expectation values of the one-particle's observables, for entangled states, is physically meaningless: Born's formula is not applicable to such states.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.26,"main_claim_p":0.16,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.06,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.46,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.01,"interpretation":0.53}},{"i":5,"p":0.49,"id":"s5","own":false,"role":"result","text":"The same concerns the entangled states of compound quantum systems.","hedge":{"p":0.99,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.17,"main_claim_p":0.04,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.04,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.49,"background":0.02,"limitation":0.01,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.05,"interpretation":0.43}},{"i":6,"p":0.98,"id":"s6","own":false,"role":"background","text":"In the {\\it existing} quantum mechanics, introducing Bell's inequalities is fully legal.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.05,"main_claim_p":0.03,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.04,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.01,"background":0.98,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.01}},{"i":7,"p":0.87,"id":"s7","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"However, these inequalities imply averaging over an entangled state, and, hence, they have no basis for their clear physical interpretation.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.14,"main_claim_p":0.08,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.05,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.1,"background":0.01,"limitation":0.01,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.01,"interpretation":0.87}},{"i":8,"p":0.93,"id":"s8","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"Experiments to confirm the violation of Bell's inequalities do not prove the existence of nonlocality in microcosm.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.07,"main_claim_p":0.27,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.06,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.07,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.93}},{"i":9,"p":0.98,"id":"s9","own":false,"role":"interpretation","text":"They confirm only that correlations introduced in the existing theory of entangled states have no physical sense, for they contradict special relativity.","hedge":{"p":1.0,"label":"asserted"},"own_p":0.1,"main_claim_p":0.26,"quantitative":false,"quantitative_p":0.05,"role_probabilities":{"gap":0.0,"method":0.0,"result":0.02,"background":0.0,"limitation":0.0,"future_work":0.0,"contribution":0.0,"interpretation":0.98}}]},"compiled":{"main_claim":{"p":1.0,"text":"We argue that quantum nonlocality of entangled states is not an actual phenomenon.","location":"abstract s0","hedge_strength":{"p":0.93,"label":"asserted"}},"provenance":{"route":{"via":"TypeSafe API","model":"classifier-1.13.0","endpoint":"https://api.typesafe.ai/v1/systemone","provider":"TypeSafe"},"packing":"one request per paper","requests":1,"input_tokens":7488,"cost_usd_reported":0.0},"compiled_at":"2026-09-23","bank_version":"abstract-p1-20260923","model_version":"classifier-1.13.0","abstract_states":{"claims_first":0.03,"states_limitation":0.12,"human_participants":0.02,"controlled_comparison":0.02,"randomized_assignment":0.01,"states_quantitative_result":0.02,"compares_with_prior_results":0.33,"mentions_code_or_data_availability":0.01},"evidential_basis":{"p":1.0,"value":"argument","probabilities":{"argument":1.0,"literature":0.0,"proof_or_derivation":0.0,"analysis_of_existing_data":0.0,"observation_or_experiment":0.0,"simulation_or_computation":0.0}},"contribution_type":{"p":1.0,"value":"position or commentary","probabilities":{"review":0.0,"method_or_tool":0.0,"empirical_study":0.0,"simulation_study":0.0,"theoretical_result":0.0,"dataset_or_benchmark":0.0,"position_or_commentary":1.0}},"contribution_statement":{"p":0.87,"text":"We argue that quantum nonlocality of entangled states is not an actual phenomenon.","location":"abstract s0"}},"coverage":{"tier":"abstract","levels_run":["P abstract"],"not_examined":["full text","figures and tables","references and citing sentences","relations to other papers"],"sources_read":["arXiv listing abstract v3"],"levels_not_run":["S sections","T body sentences","C citations","R cross-paper relations"],"sentences_examined":10,"sentences_in_abstract":10},"measured_accuracy":{"url":"https://pith.science/accuracy","measured_on":"2026-10-02","method":"two independent model families labelled a fresh random sample blind; the figure is how often the published label matches their consensus","sentence_role_agreement":0.92,"main_claim_agreement":0.908,"typed_citation_agreement":0.933,"typed_citation_agreement_95_interval":[0.917,0.945],"review_comments_accurate":0.758,"review_comments_accurate_95_interval":[0.684,0.82],"review_caught_admitted_error_found_or_related":0.448}}