{"id":"c23b862b-055a-4307-acd6-a9d210d87319","arxiv_id":"2507.17059","paper_version":1,"verdict":"CONDITIONAL","confidence":"MODERATE","novelty_score":6.0,"correctness_risk":"medium","formal_verification":"none","parameter_count":5,"one_line_summary":"A sub-Coulomb alpha transfer measurement shows that the ground states of 16O and 20Ne have large alpha-cluster amplitudes, and provides a new constraint on the 16O alpha asymptotic normalization coefficient.","lead":"This experiment measures how often the nuclei oxygen-16 and neon-20 behave as an alpha particle stuck to a carbon or oxygen core, using a low-energy transfer reaction. The result supports the idea that alpha clustering is strong in these ground states and gives a new constraint on a nuclear parameter that affects carbon and oxygen production in stars.","discovery_kind":"new_application","skeptic_critique":{"model":"deepseek-v4-flash","headline":"The 'dominated by clustering' conclusion rests on a 20% DWBA systematic that is inferred, not demonstrated: the final product uses one beam energy and one angle, with no quantitative peripherality cutoff test reported.","rationale":"The double-blind design, the ratio method, and the inclusion of three independent theoretical approaches are genuine strengths; they make the measured product hard to dismiss as a simple confirmation-bias artifact. My concern is not with the data or the authors' integrity but with the logical bridge from 'the extracted ANC product is large and close to an extreme cluster-model value' to 'the ground states are dominated by alpha-cluster correlations.' That bridge requires the 20% theoretical systematic to be a credible upper bound. The manuscript's own statements weaken this: the final value comes from a single energy and angle, the 22 MeV data were set aside because of OMP sensitivity, the error estimate is based on a limited OMP variation, and the theoretical error bars explicitly exclude interaction and extrapolation uncertainties. A cutoff-radius test would directly test the peripherality assumption without new data. If the transfer cross section is insensitive to the interior of the bound-state wavefunction, the 20% bound is plausible and the central claim can be accepted conditionally. If not, the uncertainty must be enlarged, and the '30% below extreme' comparison becomes statistically weak. This does not overturn the paper; it identifies the specific verification needed before the direct-evidence language is justified.","tokens_in":12344,"tokens_out":16669,"duration_ms":195159,"concrete_test":"Recompute the FRESCO DWBA transfer-to-elastic ratio at 20 MeV with the 12C+alpha and 16O+alpha bound-state radial wavefunctions truncated to zero inside r = 6 fm, keeping the asymptotic Whittaker tails and ANCs fixed; if the ratio changes by more than 10%, the reaction is not demonstrably peripheral and the claimed 20% systematic is not credible.","verdict_should_be":"UNCHANGED","load_bearing_attack":"Equation (1) converts the measured 12C(20Ne,16O)16O transfer-to-elastic ratio into (C_16O)^2(C_20Ne)^2 = 9.4(1.4)(2) x 10^12 fm^-2. Whether this product is 'direct evidence' that alpha-cluster correlations dominate the 16O and 20Ne ground states depends on the reaction being so peripheral at 1 MeV/nucleon that the DWBA ratio is nearly independent of OMPs and bound-state details. That condition is not yet demonstrated. The supplement shows only the 20 MeV data enter the final result; the 22 MeV data are excluded because the extraction is more sensitive to 16O+16O OMP variations. No quantitative peripherality test (e.g., a cutoff-radius variation of the transfer form factor) is reported. The quoted 20% theoretical uncertainty is inferred mainly from one family of exit-channel OMPs (Fig. 6); entrance-channel OMP uncertainty, bound-state geometry, node-number sensitivity, and finite-range/CRC corrections are not propagated. The NLEFT and SA-NCSM error bars explicitly omit interaction and infinite-space extrapolation uncertainties, so the benchmark comparison underestimates theory spread. At face value, the 30% separation from the extreme cluster model is only about 1.5 sigma of the total uncertainty; if the true model uncertainty is larger, the gap can shrink or disappear and the 'dominated' interpretation loses its quantitative support.","agreement_with_reader":"agree"},"referee_report":{"model":"deepseek-v4-flash","summary":"The paper reports a sub-Coulomb alpha-transfer measurement of 12C(20Ne,16O)16O at 1.0 MeV/nucleon, analyzed with DWBA through the transfer-to-elastic ratio, to extract the product of squared alpha ANCs for the 16O and 20Ne ground states. The result is (C_16O)^2(C_20Ne)^2 = 9.4(1.4)(2) x 10^12 fm^-2. This product is compared with three independent microscopic calculations (NLEFT, SA-NCSM, CN-CI) and with an extreme core+alpha potential model, and the paper interprets the proximity to the extreme model as direct evidence that alpha-cluster correlations dominate these ground states. Using the theoretical 20Ne ANCs, the product is converted into a constraint on the 16O ground-state alpha ANC, which is then used in an R-matrix evaluation of the 12C(alpha,gamma)16O S-factor.","tokens_in":12680,"tokens_out":10148,"duration_ms":95805,"significance":"If the experimental result and its 20% systematic uncertainty are robust, the ANC product provides a valuable new observable for benchmarking ab initio and cluster models, and the sub-Coulomb transfer-to-elastic approach is a promising technique for reducing optical-model dependence. The blinded comparison among the experimental and three theoretical groups is a commendable design feature that reduces confirmation bias. The paper also delivers a concrete, falsifiable benchmark quantity. However, the central 'direct evidence' interpretation and the 'model-independent constraint' terminology go beyond what the currently reported systematic and theory-error tests establish.","major_comments":[{"comment":"The central claim that the result is nearly independent of model parameters and that the total theoretical uncertainty is 20% is not demonstrated by the reported tests. Fig. 6 shows sensitivity only to the 16O+16O exit-channel optical-model potentials from Ref. [24]; the manuscript does not report variations of the entrance-channel 12C+20Ne potential, the alpha-core binding-potential geometry, the number of nodes in the cluster wave function, or finite-range/CRC corrections, nor a quantitative peripherality test such as varying the cutoff radius of the transfer form factor. Because the 22 MeV data are excluded from the final result 'due to the greater sensitivity to these parameter variations at 22 MeV', the final product rests on a single beam energy and a single angle, and the claimed model-independence is inferred rather than established. Given that the difference from the extreme cluster model is only about 1.5-1.6 sigma of the quoted total uncertainty, the 'direct evidence' conclusion is not yet supported. The missing sensitivity studies should be provided, or the conclusion should be reframed accordingly.","section":"Supplement, Experiment; Fig. 6"},{"comment":"The abstract claims a 'new model-independent constraint' for the 16O ground-state alpha ANC, but the extraction is not model-independent. Equation (1) measures the product (C_16O)^2(C_20Ne)^2; obtaining C_16O requires dividing by a theoretical C_20Ne from NLEFT, SA-NCSM, or CN-CI, as acknowledged in the statement 'Using the 20Ne ANCs and the experimental result to make a prediction of the 16O ground state alpha-ANC'. The resulting constraint therefore inherits the model dependence of the 20Ne calculations, in addition to the 20% DWBA systematic. Please rephrase the claim or provide a direct measurement of C_16O if the word 'model-independent' is to be retained.","section":"Abstract; Results and Discussion"},{"comment":"The quoted theory error bars are incomplete for the purpose of a quantitative benchmark. The NLEFT ANC uncertainties explicitly exclude 'uncertainties due to the nuclear interactions or the extrapolation to infinite Euclidean time and lattice volume', and the SA-NCSM errors 'do not include uncertainties arising from the underlying inter-nucleon interaction'. Therefore the statement that the three approaches agree with experiment and with each other within 1-2 sigma rests on error bars that omit known systematic components. The benchmark conclusion should either include these missing theory systematics or be explicitly labeled as a central-value comparison with incomplete theoretical uncertainties.","section":"Supplement, Lattice Effective Field Theory; Symmetry-adapted No-core Shell Model"},{"comment":"The comparison 'the experimental result is only 30% below this extreme model' uses the product of squared ANCs (9.4 vs 13 x 10^12 fm^-2), whereas the geometric-mean comparison in Table I places the experimental value only about 8% below the extreme-model value (1.75 vs 1.9 x 10^3 fm^-1/2). The paper should state explicitly which variable is used to support the 'dominated by alpha-cluster correlations' conclusion and how close to the extreme-model value is required for 'dominance'. With the stated uncertainties, the product-level gap is approximately 1.5-1.6 sigma, which is not by itself direct evidence unless a quantitative threshold is defined.","section":"Table I; Results and Discussion"}],"minor_comments":[{"comment":"The symbol 'b' for single-particle ANCs in Eq. (1) is not defined in the main text; please define it and explain how FRESCO provides these values.","section":"Equation (1)"},{"comment":"The uncertainty notation 9.4(1.4)(2) is ambiguous; if the second parenthetical is the 20% systematic uncertainty, please write it as 9.4(1.4)(1.9) or define the convention clearly in the caption.","section":"Table I"},{"comment":"The caption contains a typo: 'red bad' should read 'red band'.","section":"Fig. 2 caption"},{"comment":"On first use, the reaction should be written as 12C(alpha,gamma)16O rather than 'the 12C(alpha,gamma) reaction' to avoid ambiguity.","section":"Results and Discussion, R-matrix paragraph"},{"comment":"Reference [25] (Giacalone et al., 'The unexpected uses of a bowling pin') appears unrelated to the cluster-structure discussion in the sentence citing Refs. [20,25]; please verify the citation and replace it if not relevant.","section":"References"}],"recommendation":"major_revision","confidential_remarks":"The experimental technique and the blinded benchmark protocol are genuinely interesting, and the paper is likely to be a useful contribution once the model-independence claims are either properly substantiated or carefully downgraded. The main editorial concern is whether the 'direct evidence' and 'model-independent' language can survive the current level of systematic and theoretical uncertainty, especially given that the 22 MeV dataset is excluded after the fact and the final 16O ANC constraint relies on 20Ne ANCs from the collaborating theory groups."},"author_rebuttal":null,"desk_editor":{"model":"deepseek-v4-flash","letter":"The headline number is the product of squared ANCs, 9.4(1.4)(2) x 10^12 fm^-2, from the sub-Coulomb 12C(20Ne,16O)16O measurement at 1 MeV/nucleon. That is new, and the blinded three-way theory benchmark (NLEFT, SA-NCSM, CN-CI) is a genuinely good idea executed with real discipline. The paper also gives a new 16O ANC constraint and shows the 12C(alpha,gamma)16O S-factor shifts by 5-10%, within the current 20% uncertainty. For those reasons it deserves a serious referee.\n\nThe soft spot is the interpretive leap. The abstract's 'direct evidence that the wave functions ... are dominated by alpha-cluster correlations' rests on comparing the measured product to an extreme cluster-model value around 13 x 10^12 fm^-2. The measurement is 30% below that. But the quoted 20% theoretical systematic is inferred mostly from one exit-channel OMP family (Fig. 6). Entrance-channel OMPs, bound-state geometry, node-number sensitivity, and finite-range corrections are not propagated. The supplement says only the 20-MeV data are used because the 22-MeV extraction is more OMP-sensitive; fair enough, but that leaves a single energy and a single angle in the final result. No explicit peripherality test (e.g., form-factor cutoff variation) is reported. On top of that, the NLEFT and SA-NCSM error bars omit interaction and infinite-space/extrapolation uncertainties, so the theory benchmark is narrower than it looks. If the real model uncertainty is larger, the 30% gap could shrink below significance. The authors are not hiding any of this—the limitations are in the supplement—but the abstract's claim outruns the demonstrated systematic error.\n\nI also note that the 16O ANC constraint is obtained by dividing the product by theoretical 20Ne ANCs from the same collaboration, so it is not fully model-independent, despite the 'model-independent constraint' phrasing. The conclusion is more careful, saying 'combined input of experiment and theory.'\n\nBottom line: a solid, useful measurement with a clean experimental protocol and an honest blind benchmark. The central quantitative result is likely right. The main weaknesses are the unquantified parts of the systematics and the over-strong 'dominated' language. A good referee should push for the sensitivity tests and softer claims. I'd send it to review, not desk reject.","headline":"A credible, carefully blinded sub-Coulomb alpha-transfer measurement yields a new ANC product benchmark, but the 'dominated by clustering' claim outruns the demonstrated systematics.","tokens_in":13281,"tokens_out":3446,"would_cite":true,"duration_ms":35683,"reading_group":"yes","serious_thinker":"yes","would_accept_peer_review":true},"rs_alignment":null,"lean_confirmation":null,"pith_extraction":{"msc":[],"pacs":[],"model":"deepseek-v4-flash","headline":"A sub-Coulomb transfer measurement shows alpha-cluster correlations dominate the ground states of 16O and 20Ne, with the extracted product of squared alpha ANCs landing only about 30 percent below the extreme cluster-model value.","keywords":["alpha clustering","asymptotic normalization coefficients","sub-Coulomb alpha transfer","cluster correlations","16O ground state alpha ANC","20Ne ground state alpha ANC","DWBA","12C(alpha,gamma)16O reaction"],"falsifier":"A decisive test is to repeat the measurement at a second sub-Coulomb energy or with a different peripheral probe and check whether the extracted ANC product stays constant: the paper already set aside its 22 MeV data because of enhanced optical-potential sensitivity, so any systematic drift of the product with energy, or a shift larger than the quoted 20 percent across the full family of published $^{16}\\mathrm{O}+^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ optical potentials, would break the peripherality premise. An independent direct measurement of the $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ ground-state $\\alpha$ ANC, for example from $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ breakup, that falls outside the band this paper claims would settle the clustering claim the other way.","tokens_in":12175,"feed_emoji":"⚛️","tokens_out":23945,"duration_ms":192004,"temperature":0.7,"pith_summary":"The paper sets out to measure how strongly $\\alpha$ particles (helium-4 nuclei) pre-form inside the ground states of $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ and $^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}$, using the sub-Coulomb $\\alpha$-transfer reaction $^{12}\\mathrm{C}(^{20}\\mathrm{Ne},^{16}\\mathrm{O})^{16}\\mathrm{O}$. Because the beam energy is 1 MeV per nucleon, far below the Coulomb barrier, the transfer is highly peripheral, so the extracted quantity — the product of the squared $\\alpha$ asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANCs) of the two ground states — is nearly independent of the optical-model potentials that usually dominate such analyses. The measured value, $9.4(1.4)(2)\\times 10^{12}\\ \\mathrm{fm}^{-2}$, sits only about 30 percent below the value for a pure core-plus-$\\alpha$ cluster state, which the authors take as direct evidence that $\\alpha$-cluster correlations dominate both ground states. The result agrees within factors of 1.2–2 with three independent microscopic theories and yields a new model-independent constraint on the $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ ground-state $\\alpha$ ANC, a key input for the astrophysical $^{12}\\mathrm{C}(\\alpha,\\gamma)^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ reaction that sets the cosmic carbon-to-oxygen ratio.","feed_headline":"Alpha clusters dominate the ground states of oxygen-16 and neon-20","feed_subtitle":"A sub-Coulomb transfer measurement pins the oxygen-16 alpha ANC and shifts the stellar carbon-to-oxygen reaction rate.","key_machinery":"The load-bearing observable is the product of the squared $\\alpha$ asymptotic normalization coefficients of the $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ and $^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}$ ground states, $(C^{\\,^{16}\\mathrm{O}}_{\\alpha,{}^{12}\\mathrm{C}})^2\\,(C^{\\,^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}}_{\\alpha,{}^{16}\\mathrm{O}})^2$, which is directly proportional to the transfer cross section once the reaction is peripheral. An asymptotic normalization coefficient is the amplitude of the bound-state wave function in its asymptotic tail (a Whittaker function), a model-independent observable that replaces the model-dependent $\\alpha$ spectroscopic factor. The measurement is performed at 1 MeV/nucleon, well below the $\\sim$11 MeV Coulomb barrier of the $^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}+^{12}\\mathrm{C}$ system, so the transfer is highly peripheral and the DWBA transfer-to-elastic ratio computed with the FRESCO code yields the ANC product with a total theoretical uncertainty of 20 percent, dominated by the exit-channel $^{16}\\mathrm{O}+^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ optical potential. The comparison scale is the 'extreme cluster model': a Woods-Saxon core-plus-$\\alpha$ potential with the Pauli-allowed number of nodes, tuned to reproduce the partial $\\alpha$ widths of known cluster states, whose ANC product of about $13\\times 10^{12}\\ \\mathrm{fm}^{-2}$ represents maximal clustering.","core_discovery":"The paper's central claim is that $\\alpha$-cluster correlations dominate the ground-state wave functions of $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ and $^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}$. The experimental evidence is the product of the squared $\\alpha$ ANCs, $(C^{\\,^{16}\\mathrm{O}}_{\\alpha,{}^{12}\\mathrm{C}})^2\\,(C^{\\,^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}}_{\\alpha,{}^{16}\\mathrm{O}})^2 = 9.4(1.4)(2)\\times 10^{12}\\ \\mathrm{fm}^{-2}$, extracted from the ratio of the transfer cross section to elastic scattering in the sub-Coulomb reaction $^{12}\\mathrm{C}(^{20}\\mathrm{Ne},^{16}\\mathrm{O})^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ at 1 MeV/nucleon. At this energy the reaction probes only the tails of the bound-state wave functions, which is exactly where an ANC lives, making the extraction nearly independent of reaction-model assumptions. Compared with a simple Woods-Saxon core-plus-$\\alpha$ potential that reproduces the known partial $\\alpha$ widths of cluster states and respects the Pauli node counting, the measured product is only about 30 percent below the extreme-cluster value of roughly $13\\times 10^{12}\\ \\mathrm{fm}^{-2}$, so the clustering is close to maximal. Three independent microscopic theories — nuclear lattice effective field theory, the symmetry-adapted no-core shell model, and the cluster-nucleon configuration interaction model — predict the geometric mean of the two ANCs within a factor of about 1.2–2 of experiment, with near-unanimous agreement on the $^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}$ ANC and more scatter on the $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ ANC, which the paper attributes to $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$'s compact structure and larger $\\alpha$ separation energy. Combining the measured product with the theoretical $^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}$ ANCs yields a new model-independent constraint on the $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ ground-state $\\alpha$ ANC, and inserting that constraint into R-matrix fits of $^{12}\\mathrm{C}(\\alpha,\\gamma)^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ lowers the astrophysical S-factor at the 300 keV Gamow window by 5–10 percent, within the accepted 20 percent uncertainty.","pith_inferences":["A cross-check the paper leaves implicit: the same ANC product could be extracted from a different sub-Coulomb alpha-transfer reaction, such as $^{12}\\mathrm{C}(^7\\mathrm{Li},t)^{16}\\mathrm{O}$, or from alpha knockout. Agreement would validate the peripherality premise, while disagreement would expose a reaction-theory bias that a single-reaction measurement cannot detect.","If the near-maximal clustering claim holds, the same technique could map where alpha clustering fades with mass by targeting other alpha-threshold nuclei such as $^{24}\\mathrm{Mg}$ or $^{28}\\mathrm{Si}$, where the microscopic models still differ measurably.","The 5–10 percent S-factor shift, while inside the accepted uncertainty, is precisely the kind of correlated systematic change that matters once the $^{12}\\mathrm{C}(\\alpha,\\gamma)^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ rate error budget is tightened; the paper's adjusted R-matrix parameter set is a concrete starting point for that re-evaluation.","The study's double-blind protocol — the experiment and all three theory groups unblinded simultaneously by an independent observer — suggests that the spread among the theoretical ANCs reflects genuine model sensitivity rather than tuning to the data, and is a template for future benchmark studies."],"forward_implications":["The $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ ground-state alpha ANC is now constrained model-independently: the measured product combined with the three theoretical $^{20}\\mathrm{Ne}$ ANCs places it above the most recent transfer-reaction value and consistent, within their larger uncertainties, with two other transfer measurements.","R-matrix fits using these ANC limits reproduce the measured $^{12}\\mathrm{C}(\\alpha,\\gamma)^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ excitation function below 3.5 MeV c.m. and shift the total S-factor at the 300 keV Gamow window by $-5$ to $-10$ percent, still inside the accepted 20 percent uncertainty.","The squared-ANC product becomes a benchmark observable: the three microscopic theories agree with experiment and with one another within about a factor of 1.2–2, so future structure calculations can be tested against this single number.","The closeness of the measured value to the extreme cluster-model limit implies that alpha clustering is not a small correction to a mean-field picture of these ground states but a dominant structural feature."],"supporting_citations":[{"why":"Supplies the R-matrix evaluation of 12C(alpha,gamma)16O whose parameters are adjusted with the new 16O ANC constraint.","marker":"[1]"},{"why":"Defines asymptotic normalization coefficients as model-independent observables, the conceptual basis for the extracted quantity.","marker":"[8]"},{"why":"Pioneered sub-Coulomb alpha-transfer reactions; its peripherality argument is what makes the extraction nearly model-independent.","marker":"[9]"},{"why":"Provides the nuclear lattice effective field theory used for one of the three benchmark ANC calculations.","marker":"[15]"},{"why":"Provides the symmetry-adapted no-core shell model framework used for the second benchmark ANC calculation.","marker":"[20]"},{"why":"Provides the cluster-nucleon configuration interaction model used for the third benchmark ANC calculation.","marker":"[21]"},{"why":"Supplies the FRESCO DWBA code used to compute the transfer and elastic cross sections whose ratio yields the ANC product.","marker":"[22]"},{"why":"Supplies the 12C+20Ne and 12C+16O optical potentials used in the DWBA calculations.","marker":"[23]"},{"why":"Supplies the 16O+16O optical potentials whose parameter variation sets the quoted 20 percent theoretical uncertainty.","marker":"[24]"},{"why":"Supplies the pinhole algorithm used to extract the alpha ANCs from the lattice wave functions.","marker":"[39]"}],"fun_headline_variants":["Alpha clusters dominate O-16 and Ne-20 ground states","Sub-Coulomb data quantifies alpha clustering in O-16, Ne-20","New alpha-ANC constraint for O-16 shifts stellar carbon burning","Ground-state alpha correlations measured near maximal in O-16 and Ne-20"],"cache_read_input_tokens":3200,"weakest_assumption_plain":"Everything rests on the reaction being highly peripheral at 1 MeV per nucleon, so that the DWBA transfer-to-elastic ratio computed with literature optical potentials returns the true alpha-ANC product within the quoted 20 percent systematic uncertainty.","fun_headline_variants_meta":{"raw":{"variants":["Alpha clusters dominate O-16 and Ne-20 ground states","Sub-Coulomb data quantifies alpha clustering in O-16, Ne-20","New alpha-ANC constraint for O-16 shifts stellar carbon burning","Ground-state alpha correlations measured near maximal in O-16 and Ne-20"]},"model":"deepseek-v4-flash","effort":"low","cost_usd":0.000266,"raw_usage":{"total_tokens":1704,"prompt_tokens":1133,"completion_tokens":571,"prompt_tokens_details":{"cached_tokens":384},"prompt_cache_hit_tokens":384,"prompt_cache_miss_tokens":749,"completion_tokens_details":{"reasoning_tokens":492}},"tokens_in":749,"tokens_out":571,"duration_ms":6522,"temperature":1.0,"reasoning_tokens":492,"cache_read_input_tokens":384,"cache_creation_input_tokens":0},"cache_creation_input_tokens":0},"created_at":"2026-08-06T14:57:17.485170+00:00","model_set":{"reader":"deepseek-v4-flash"},"falsifier":"A decisive test is to repeat the measurement at a second sub-Coulomb energy or with a different peripheral probe and check whether the extracted ANC product stays constant: the paper already set aside its 22 MeV data because of enhanced optical-potential sensitivity, so any systematic drift of the product with energy, or a shift larger than the quoted 20 percent across the full family of published $^{16}\\mathrm{O}+^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ optical potentials, would break the peripherality premise. An independent direct measurement of the $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ ground-state $\\alpha$ ANC, for example from $^{16}\\mathrm{O}$ breakup, that falls outside the band this paper claims would settle the clustering claim the other way.","supporting_citations":[{"cited_title":"deBoer, J","cited_arxiv_id":null,"evidence_quote":"Supplies the R-matrix evaluation of 12C(alpha,gamma)16O whose parameters are adjusted with the new 16O ANC constraint."},{"cited_title":null,"cited_arxiv_id":null,"evidence_quote":"Defines asymptotic normalization coefficients as model-independent observables, the conceptual basis for the extracted quantity."},{"cited_title":"Brune, W","cited_arxiv_id":null,"evidence_quote":"Pioneered sub-Coulomb alpha-transfer reactions; its peripherality argument is what makes the extraction nearly model-independent."},{"cited_title":"Epelbaum, H","cited_arxiv_id":null,"evidence_quote":"Provides the nuclear lattice effective field theory used for one of the three benchmark ANC calculations."},{"cited_title":null,"cited_arxiv_id":null,"evidence_quote":"Provides the symmetry-adapted no-core shell model framework used for the second benchmark ANC calculation."},{"cited_title":"Kravvaris and A","cited_arxiv_id":null,"evidence_quote":"Provides the cluster-nucleon configuration interaction model used for the third benchmark ANC calculation."},{"cited_title":"Vandenbosch, M","cited_arxiv_id":null,"evidence_quote":"Supplies the 12C+20Ne and 12C+16O optical potentials used in the DWBA calculations."},{"cited_title":null,"cited_arxiv_id":null,"evidence_quote":"Supplies the 16O+16O optical potentials whose parameter variation sets the quoted 20 percent theoretical uncertainty."}],"review_version":1}