Axion-photon coupling imprints measurable Aharonov-Bohm and Berry phases in superconducting circuits and interferometers, projecting sensitivity to g_aγγ ~ 7.8e-14 GeV^{-1} at m_a ~ 1e-10 eV.
Magnetoelectric polarizability and axion electrodynamics in crystalline insulators
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abstract
The orbital motion of electrons in a three-dimensional solid can generate a pseudoscalar magnetoelectric coupling $\theta$, a fact we derive for the single-particle case using a recent theory of polarization in weakly inhomogeneous materials. This polarizability $\theta$ is the same parameter that appears in the "axion electrodynamics" Lagrangian $\Delta{\cal L}_{EM} = (\theta e^2 / 2 \pi h) {\bf E} \cdot {\bf B}$, which is known to describe the unusual magnetoelectric properties of the three-dimensional topological insulator ($\theta=\pi$). We compute $\theta$ for a simple model that accesses the topological insulator and discuss its connection to the surface Hall conductivity. The orbital magnetoelectric polarizability can be generalized to the many-particle wavefunction and defines the 3D topological insulator, like the IQHE, in terms of a topological ground-state response function.
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A codimension-1 Chern-Simons interface in vacuum Maxwell theory supports a gapless chiral surface photon with linear dispersion and frequency-independent refractive index set by the Chern-Simons coefficient.
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Searching for axions with quantum interferometry
Axion-photon coupling imprints measurable Aharonov-Bohm and Berry phases in superconducting circuits and interferometers, projecting sensitivity to g_aγγ ~ 7.8e-14 GeV^{-1} at m_a ~ 1e-10 eV.
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Chiral Electromagnetic Surface Waves on Chern-Simons Interfaces
A codimension-1 Chern-Simons interface in vacuum Maxwell theory supports a gapless chiral surface photon with linear dispersion and frequency-independent refractive index set by the Chern-Simons coefficient.