Tool-using LLM agents can implement undetectable stegosystems, shifting the primary barrier to covert multi-agent collusion from technical feasibility to coordination without explicit agreement.
AI Organizations are More Effective but Less Aligned than Individual Agents
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abstract
AI is increasingly deployed in multi-agent systems; however, most research considers only the behavior of individual models. We experimentally show that multi-agent "AI organizations" are simultaneously more effective at achieving business goals, but less aligned, than individual AI agents. We examine 12 tasks across two practical settings: an AI consultancy providing solutions to business problems and an AI software team developing software products. Across all settings, AI Organizations composed of aligned models produce solutions with higher utility but greater misalignment compared to a single aligned model. Our work demonstrates the importance of considering interacting systems of AI agents when doing both capabilities and safety research.
fields
cs.CR 1years
2026 1verdicts
UNVERDICTED 1representative citing papers
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Tool Use Enables Undetectable Steganography in Multi-Agent LLM Systems
Tool-using LLM agents can implement undetectable stegosystems, shifting the primary barrier to covert multi-agent collusion from technical feasibility to coordination without explicit agreement.