{"work":{"id":"31127b64-cba9-4eeb-8256-888751a69827","openalex_id":null,"doi":null,"arxiv_id":"1412.6806","raw_key":null,"title":"Striving for Simplicity: The All Convolutional Net","authors":null,"authors_text":"Springenberg, Jost Tobias, Dosovitskiy, Alexey, Brox, Thomas, and Riedmiller, Martin","year":2014,"venue":"cs.LG","abstract":"Most modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs) used for object recognition are built using the same principles: Alternating convolution and max-pooling layers followed by a small number of fully connected layers. We re-evaluate the state of the art for object recognition from small images with convolutional networks, questioning the necessity of different components in the pipeline. We find that max-pooling can simply be replaced by a convolutional layer with increased stride without loss in accuracy on several image recognition benchmarks. Following this finding -- and building on other recent work for finding simple network structures -- we propose a new architecture that consists solely of convolutional layers and yields competitive or state of the art performance on several object recognition datasets (CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, ImageNet). To analyze the network we introduce a new variant of the \"deconvolution approach\" for visualizing features learned by CNNs, which can be applied to a broader range of network structures than existing approaches.","external_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6806","cited_by_count":null,"metadata_source":"pith","metadata_fetched_at":"2026-06-30T14:14:45.443717+00:00","pith_arxiv_id":"1412.6806","created_at":"2026-05-11T07:16:01.359677+00:00","updated_at":"2026-06-30T14:14:45.443717+00:00","title_quality_ok":false,"display_title":"Striving for Simplicity: The All Convolutional Net","render_title":"Striving for Simplicity: The All Convolutional Net"},"hub":{"state":{"work_id":"31127b64-cba9-4eeb-8256-888751a69827","tier":"hub","tier_reason":"10+ Pith inbound or 1,000+ external citations","pith_inbound_count":19,"external_cited_by_count":null,"distinct_field_count":3,"first_pith_cited_at":"2015-11-19T22:50:32+00:00","last_pith_cited_at":"2026-05-23T21:33:17+00:00","author_build_status":"not_needed","summary_status":"needed","contexts_status":"needed","graph_status":"needed","ask_index_status":"not_needed","reader_status":"not_needed","recognition_status":"not_needed","updated_at":"2026-06-30T15:00:09.987323+00:00","tier_text":"hub"},"tier":"hub","role_counts":[{"context_role":"background","n":1}],"polarity_counts":[{"context_polarity":"background","n":1}],"runs":{},"summary":{},"graph":{},"authors":[]}}