Future subhalos show a pre-infall bias to higher progenitor masses, modeled in extended Press-Schechter theory by multiplying the collapse barrier by β(x,a)=(1-x)^{1.20+0.14a} for M200c, leading to 10-15% higher central concentration.
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Direct [OIII]4364-based metallicities show that galaxies with stellar masses 10^6.7-9 solar masses at z~6-8 are 0.3-0.5 dex more metal-poor than local galaxies of the same mass, with slope 0.25 and 0.2 dex scatter.
VERSUS is a void-finding algorithm that identifies spherical underdensities matching excursion-set predictions for the void size function, validated on synthetic particles and AbacusSummit mocks with realistic galaxy populations.
Non-Markovian memory effects narrow the viable parameter space for electroweak baryogenesis, shift optimal wall velocities lower, produce non-monotonic baryon asymmetry dependence on memory timescale, and can enhance gravitational-wave signals.
A large DESI sample reveals thousands of infalling cold gas absorbers at low redshift, with velocity distributions indicating multiple accretion pathways including radial inflows and satellite accretion.
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
Exhaustive symbolic regression identifies low-complexity functional forms for luminosity and mass functions that outperform Schechter and Press-Schechter parametrizations while satisfying physical extrapolation and integration constraints.
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
JWST spectroscopy of 295 galaxies at 5.5 < z < 14.3 shows UV slope beta reddening at z > 9.5, with lack of dust as the main driver of bluer values and nebular continuum at T > 15,000 K able to reproduce the observed range without dust.
Metallicity-dependent explodability prescriptions for massive stars reproduce observed galactic abundance trends when used in chemical evolution models and permit a simplified form that alleviates the red supergiant problem without violating those trends, provided net outflows are negligible and the
New simulations show that cross-correlating gravitational wave background anisotropies with galaxy distributions can enable discovery at angular scales of 4-6 degrees with next-generation observatories.
A transition to low-opacity SNe-produced dust at z>9 reproduces the observed low attenuation and UV luminosity function excess in early galaxies.
CosmoPostProcess delivers simulation-calibrated radial corrections for projection-induced selection bias (20-40% amplitude near 1 h^{-1} Mpc) and baryonic effects in Euclid richness-selected cluster weak lensing profiles.
A massive galaxy at z=9.3 shows bursty star formation with a recent downturn and sits in a small ionized bubble in a neutral IGM.
A field-level CNN emulator converts MG-PICOLA runs into near N-body accuracy for f(R) gravity and neutrino cosmologies, achieving sub-percent errors on power spectra and bispectra while generalizing beyond its training set.
SHAMe-SF modeling of small-scale DESI ELG clustering delivers 6% precision on σ8 and Ωm h², matching full DR1 results with 1% volume.
FRB dispersion measures directly constrain suppression of the matter power spectrum due to feedback at k ~ 0.1-3 h/Mpc, reduce posterior variance by a factor of ~8 at k~1 h/Mpc, and exclude extreme large-scale feedback scenarios at ~2 sigma.
GRB 210704A at z=2.34 shows a luminous fast blue transient excess peaking at ~7 days, modeled as refreshed shock emission and linked to LFBOTs alongside a high-Lorentz-factor jet.
kSZ measurements constrain the gravitational acceleration between galaxy halos to follow g ∝ 1/r^{2.1±0.3}, consistent with Newtonian gravity in ΛCDM.
A Hubble-like sequence of galaxy morphologies exists by redshift 4, with low-mass galaxies as persistent star-forming disks and massive galaxies following either stable disk or rapid compaction-quenching paths.
Fractional cosmology produces emergent inflation as a stable attractor from a non-singular pre-inflationary regime, with the number of e-folds related to the fractional parameter α and a subsequent radiation-dominated era.
Forecasts that golden and silver dark sirens with HETDEX VIRUS follow-up can constrain H0 to a few percent using one year of LIGO-A# observations for z < 0.2 events.
Statistical combination of sub-threshold post-merger signals from 50-70 BNS events can constrain the maximum mass of hot neutron stars to 11-20% fractional uncertainty, potentially translating to 12-21% on the cold TOV mass.
Morphological metrics in galaxy images suffer systematic biases from resolution, depth, and noise that can be quantified and corrected empirically, with new metrics proposed to reduce those effects.
citing papers explorer
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The pre-infall bias of subhalos
Future subhalos show a pre-infall bias to higher progenitor masses, modeled in extended Press-Schechter theory by multiplying the collapse barrier by β(x,a)=(1-x)^{1.20+0.14a} for M200c, leading to 10-15% higher central concentration.
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A Glimpse of the Low-Mass End of the Direct Mass-Metallicity Relation at $z\sim6-8$
Direct [OIII]4364-based metallicities show that galaxies with stellar masses 10^6.7-9 solar masses at z~6-8 are 0.3-0.5 dex more metal-poor than local galaxies of the same mass, with slope 0.25 and 0.2 dex scatter.
-
VERSUS: An excursion-set-inspired void-finder for the Stage-IV era
VERSUS is a void-finding algorithm that identifies spherical underdensities matching excursion-set predictions for the void size function, validated on synthetic particles and AbacusSummit mocks with realistic galaxy populations.
-
Non-Markovian Electroweak Baryogenesis: Memory Effects on CP-Violating Transport and Gravitational Waves
Non-Markovian memory effects narrow the viable parameter space for electroweak baryogenesis, shift optimal wall velocities lower, produce non-monotonic baryon asymmetry dependence on memory timescale, and can enhance gravitational-wave signals.
-
Peering down the barrel with DESI DR2: 10 000+ inflows at $z$ < 0.6 reveal how galaxies accrete cold gas
A large DESI sample reveals thousands of infalling cold gas absorbers at low redshift, with velocity distributions indicating multiple accretion pathways including radial inflows and satellite accretion.
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Resolving the Unresolved Galactic Winds in Multi-phase Models. I. Methodology and Application
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
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The functional form of galaxy and halo luminosity and mass functions
Exhaustive symbolic regression identifies low-complexity functional forms for luminosity and mass functions that outperform Schechter and Press-Schechter parametrizations while satisfying physical extrapolation and integration constraints.
-
pop-cosmos: Star formation over 12 Gyr from generative modelling of a deep infrared-selected galaxy catalogue
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
-
Hitting the slopes: A spectroscopic view of UV continuum slopes of galaxies reveals a reddening at z > 9.5
JWST spectroscopy of 295 galaxies at 5.5 < z < 14.3 shows UV slope beta reddening at z > 9.5, with lack of dust as the main driver of bluer values and nebular continuum at T > 15,000 K able to reproduce the observed range without dust.
-
Constraints on the Metallicity-dependent Explodability of Massive Stars from Galactic Chemical Evolution: Toward Alleviating the Red Supergiant Problem
Metallicity-dependent explodability prescriptions for massive stars reproduce observed galactic abundance trends when used in chemical evolution models and permit a simplified form that alleviates the red supergiant problem without violating those trends, provided net outflows are negligible and the
-
Prospects for multi-messenger discovery of the gravitational-wave background anisotropies via cross-correlation with galaxies
New simulations show that cross-correlating gravitational wave background anisotropies with galaxy distributions can enable discovery at angular scales of 4-6 degrees with next-generation observatories.
-
Stardust Galaxies at z>9: A Dust-Origin Transition Behind the Excess of UV-Bright Galaxies
A transition to low-opacity SNe-produced dust at z>9 reproduces the observed low attenuation and UV luminosity function excess in early galaxies.
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Euclid preparation. CosmoPostProcess: A simulation calibrated framework for weak lensing selection bias in richness-selected galaxy clusters
CosmoPostProcess delivers simulation-calibrated radial corrections for projection-induced selection bias (20-40% amplitude near 1 h^{-1} Mpc) and baryonic effects in Euclid richness-selected cluster weak lensing profiles.
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SPURS: Bursty Star Formation in an Extremely Luminous Weak Emission Line Galaxy at $z=9.3$
A massive galaxy at z=9.3 shows bursty star formation with a recent downturn and sits in a small ionized bubble in a neutral IGM.
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MG-NECOLA: A Field-Level Emulator for $f(R)$ Gravity and Massive Neutrino Cosmologies
A field-level CNN emulator converts MG-PICOLA runs into near N-body accuracy for f(R) gravity and neutrino cosmologies, achieving sub-percent errors on power spectra and bispectra while generalizing beyond its training set.
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Cosmological constraints from the small scale clustering of Emission Line Galaxies
SHAMe-SF modeling of small-scale DESI ELG clustering delivers 6% precision on σ8 and Ωm h², matching full DR1 results with 1% volume.
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Signatures of Suppressed Matter Clustering revealed by Fast Radio Bursts
FRB dispersion measures directly constrain suppression of the matter power spectrum due to feedback at k ~ 0.1-3 h/Mpc, reduce posterior variance by a factor of ~8 at k~1 h/Mpc, and exclude extreme large-scale feedback scenarios at ~2 sigma.
-
GRB 210704A: A Luminous Fast Blue Transient in a GRB Afterglow at $z = 2.34$
GRB 210704A at z=2.34 shows a luminous fast blue transient excess peaking at ~7 days, modeled as refreshed shock emission and linked to LFBOTs alongside a high-Lorentz-factor jet.
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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Test of the Gravitational Force Law on Cosmological Scales Using the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect
kSZ measurements constrain the gravitational acceleration between galaxy halos to follow g ∝ 1/r^{2.1±0.3}, consistent with Newtonian gravity in ΛCDM.
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The Hubble sequence in JWST CEERS from unbiased galaxy morphologies
A Hubble-like sequence of galaxy morphologies exists by redshift 4, with low-mass galaxies as persistent star-forming disks and massive galaxies following either stable disk or rapid compaction-quenching paths.
-
Emergent inflation in fractional cosmology
Fractional cosmology produces emergent inflation as a stable attractor from a non-singular pre-inflationary regime, with the number of e-folds related to the fractional parameter α and a subsequent radiation-dominated era.
-
Golden and Silver Dark Sirens for precise H0 measurement with HETDEX
Forecasts that golden and silver dark sirens with HETDEX VIRUS follow-up can constrain H0 to a few percent using one year of LIGO-A# observations for z < 0.2 events.
-
Sub-threshold post-merger gravitational waves can constrain the hot nuclear equation of state
Statistical combination of sub-threshold post-merger signals from 50-70 BNS events can constrain the maximum mass of hot neutron stars to 11-20% fractional uncertainty, potentially translating to 12-21% on the cold TOV mass.
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statmorph-lsst: Quantifying and correcting morphological biases in galaxy surveys
Morphological metrics in galaxy images suffer systematic biases from resolution, depth, and noise that can be quantified and corrected empirically, with new metrics proposed to reduce those effects.
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SPT-3G D1: CMB temperature and polarization power spectra and cosmology from 2019 and 2020 observations of the SPT-3G Main field
SPT-3G delivers the most precise CMB EE and TE spectra at high multipoles to date, giving LCDM parameters with H0 = 66.66 ± 0.60 km/s/Mpc from ground-based data alone and reaching Planck-level constraints when combined with ACT.
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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters
ACT DR6 CMB lensing map gives σ8 = 0.819 ± 0.015 and H0 = 68.3 ± 1.1 km/s/Mpc, consistent with Planck ΛCDM but 1.7-2.1σ higher in S8 than KiDS, DES, and HSC galaxy surveys.
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Environmental Sculpting of Galaxy Structure at Fixed Stellar Mass: A Multi-Scale Analysis Across Cosmic Time using 3 Million HSC Galaxies
Analysis of 3 million HSC galaxies finds that galaxy bulge-to-total ratio depends on environment at fixed stellar mass, with the strength and scale of this dependence varying by redshift and galaxy mass.
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Study of dark interactions through strong gravitational lenses
Strong gravitational lensing data from early-type galaxies and Abell 1689 constrain three sign-changeable dark-sector interaction models, yielding negative interaction strengths larger in magnitude than prior probes and an acceleration transition at z_t ~1.8-2.1.
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Electromagnetic Follow-up of the Sub-Solar Mass Gravitational Wave Candidate S251112cm: Kilonova Constraints and a Coincident IIb Supernova
No kilonova detected from sub-solar GW candidate S251112cm, but coincident IIb supernova SN 2025adtq yields suggestive evidence for the superkilonova channel, though inconclusive after accounting for chance coincidence.
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Radial redistribution of stellar orbits in FIRE simulations of Milky-Way-mass galaxies
FIRE-2 simulations show that stellar radial redistribution scatter saturates at ~2 kpc for stars older than ~3 Gyr, with net orbital changes depending on age and current radius, broadly matching Milky Way observations.
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From Scalar $H_0$ to $E(z)$: A Reformulation of the Hubble Tension
Re-expressing the Hubble tension via posterior-implied E(z) histories yields moderate mismatches (S_hist of 1.65 and 2.55) that correspond to only 1.1-2.1 sigma equivalents, below the usual 4.9 sigma scalar-H0 discrepancy.
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How do the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's Heavy Black Holes Form? No evidence for core-collapse Intermediate-mass black holes in GWTC-4
No evidence for core-collapse formed low-spin IMBHs in GWTC-4, with 90% upper limit on merger rate of 0.077 Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, low-spin BH mass truncation at 65 solar masses consistent with pair-instability gap lower edge, and high-spin IMBHs from hierarchical mergers.
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The galaxy-halo connection and the dynamical evolution of a giant disc in a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z~3
The Big Wheel at z~3 has a stellar-to-halo mass ratio of 0.06, higher than expected, implying efficient stellar assembly without major mergers or instabilities.
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Non-Supersymmetric Baryogenesis from $U(1)$-Breaking Scalar Dynamics
Nonlinear dynamics of a U(1)-breaking complex scalar field generates the observed baryon asymmetry from symmetric initial conditions, with late-time charge density scaling as t^{-3/2} via dynamical freeze-in.
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Finding the one: identifying the host of compact binary mergers
Restricting analysis to the top 1% most luminous galaxies in GW localization volumes yields 1-4 candidate hosts for three specific events, with 29-36% probability of random association.
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Primordial black hole production in scalar field inflation within $f(T)$ gravity
In f(T) gravity with power-law and exponential models, a fiber inflation potential with ultra slow-roll phase amplifies the primordial curvature power spectrum on small scales to enable primordial black hole formation consistent with CMB constraints.
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A Quasar--Companion System Without AGN Outflow at $z \sim 6$: The Case of PSO J083+11
New ALMA [C II] and FIR data on PSO J083+11 at z=6.34 reveal ordered rotation, typical star-forming ratios, and no outflow signatures in either galaxy, interpreted as a pre-AGN-feedback accretion phase.
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Accelerating scaling solutions from dark matter particle creation
Accelerating scaling attractors where DM and barotropic fluid coexist at late times arise only for DM-density-controlled interactions with energy transfer from DM.
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A Search for Rotation Measure Flare Candidates in Repeating Fast Radio Bursts
A search of repeating FRBs identifies RM flare candidates in FRB 20121102A, FRB 20201124A, and FRB 20180916B, suggesting such events may be common and tied to dynamic magneto-ionic environments.
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When Does Leptogenesis Survive Lepton Flavor Violation Constraints? High- and Low-Scale Realizations in the Scotogenic Model
High-scale leptogenesis in the scotogenic model decouples from LFV bounds and remains viable, while low-scale resonant leptogenesis is viable only in a narrow parameter region with suppressed flavor violation.
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HI 21-cm absorption in low- and high-excitation radio-loud AGNs at $z<0.5$ from MALS
Five new HI 21-cm absorption detections in LERGs and HERGs at z<0.5 reveal disturbed gas kinematics with velocity offsets over 350 km/s and a 3% detection rate consistent with lower-redshift samples.
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Testing $\Lambda$CDM versus dynamical dark energy in one year: A DESI spectroscopic follow-up program for Rubin supernovae
A coordinated Rubin-DESI supernova survey could distinguish dynamical dark energy from Lambda CDM at over 5 sigma in one year using 2300 spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia at low redshift.
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Model-independent reconstruction of cosmic thermodynamics and dark energy dynamics
Model-independent Gaussian Process reconstruction from CC+DESI+supernova data shows positive entropy production and approach to thermodynamic equilibrium, with dark energy equation of state consistent with a cosmological constant.
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The MeerKAT Fornax Survey VII. Characterisation of the Fornax cluster's magnetic field and new insights on magnetisation in large scale systems
Fornax cluster magnetic field follows a power-law spectrum of slope ~2.7 with central strength ~5 μG scaling as n^1.6, consistent with recent central re-amplification and trends across 17 clusters.
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Galaxy Populations in the IllustrisTNG Caustic Skeleton
Galaxy properties in IllustrisTNG form a continuum across the multiscale caustic skeleton, with formation time of web components influencing colors and star formation activity.
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Thermodynamic behavior of cosmological models with fractional entropy
Fractional entropy on the apparent horizon yields stable modified cosmology that fits late-time data best at α near 2, shifting H0 upward as α decreases.
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Inferring population III star properties from the 21-cm global signal
Semi-numerical simulations plus Fisher analysis show that REACH-like observations of the 21-cm global signal can place meaningful constraints on the mass and star-formation efficiency of Population III stars.
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Probing Freeze-In Dark Matter via a Spin-2 Portal at the LHC with Vector Boson Fusion and Machine Learning
LHC vector boson fusion searches enhanced by machine learning can probe substantial regions of cosmologically viable parameter space for freeze-in dark matter mediated by a spin-2 particle.
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DESI DR2 Galaxy Luminosity Functions
DESI DR2 yields galaxy luminosity functions showing non-power-law faint-end behavior and bright-end deviations, with good North-South agreement and reduced errors compared to GAMA.
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Constraining Gas Mass Fractions in Galaxy Groups and Clusters with the First CHIME/FRB Outrigger
FRB dispersion measures from CHIME/FRB Outrigger constrain gas mass fractions in galaxy groups and clusters, consistent with eROSITA at R500 but with mild tension at R200.