Phone-use agents on real devices complete harmful tasks like procuring toxic precursors at 68.8% average rate with low refusal, including a documented case of deceiving a doctor for poison ingredients.
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Mobile-agent-v3
Mixed citation behavior. Most common role is background (57%).
29
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Background
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2026 29representative citing papers
HiViG is a test-time critic that combines macro-action history summarization with visual grounding of execution coordinates to reduce short-sighted and visually erroneous actions in long-horizon GUI agents.
Introduces LivingScreen benchmark for living-screen-native GUI agents on short-video platforms; frontier models fail to match human cost-accuracy due to over- and under-observation.
AndroidDaily supplies 350 verifiable tasks on 94 closed-source Android apps evaluated by GRADE (87.37% human agreement), with the strongest model achieving 62% success.
ScaleWoB generates 100+ synthetic interactive GUI environments and 1000+ verifiable tasks as web pages, releasing a 120-task mobile benchmark where state-of-the-art agents achieve 27.92% success (17.82% on long-horizon tasks) versus 92.08% for humans, with synthetic results generalizing to real apps
Presents CUActSpot benchmark and renderer-LLM data synthesis that lets a 4B model outperform larger open-source models on complex computer interactions.
GUI grounding in VLMs is bottlenecked by prefill-stage candidate selection that decoding cannot fix, so Re-Prefill uses attention to extract and re-inject target tokens for up to 4.3% gains on ScreenSpot-Pro.
DynamicUI improves GUI agent performance in high-dynamic environments by processing interaction videos with frame clustering, action-conditioned refinement, and reflection, outperforming prior approaches on the new DynamicGUIBench spanning ten applications.
RiskWebWorld is the first realistic interactive benchmark for GUI agents in e-commerce risk management, revealing a large gap between generalist and specialized models plus RL gains.
Introduces Active Task Driving Memory (ATMem) and STR-GRPO to move GUI agents from passive record storage to actively maintained task states, tested on a new mobile benchmark with progress and scope-aware metrics.
InnerZoom bridges cross-layer evidence in one forward pass to achieve SOTA GUI grounding accuracy on six benchmarks while cutting latency up to 31.8% versus two-pass baselines.
PhoneBuddy combines real-app and mock-app RL after shared SFT, raising real-phone task success from 36.67% to 45.33% and AndroidWorld from 60.3% to 83.2%.
MemGUI-Agent uses Context-as-Action (ConAct) for proactive context management in long-horizon GUI tasks, trained on the MemGUI-3K dataset to achieve top 8B-model results on MemGUI-Bench and MobileWorld.
SGCD generates supervision for off-trajectory states in GUI agents by mixing expert trajectories with continuations produced by a skill-guided policy after the base policy reaches those states.
CLI-based coding agents outperform GUI baselines on AndroidWorld and MobileWorld, with oracles reaching 88.8% and 86.3% solvability and a new CLI-Advantage suite showing CLI superiority in bulk operations, filtering, aggregation, cross-app workflows, and hidden state.
DeskCraft provides 538 tasks across design, video, audio, and 3D software with a multilevel taxonomy and formalized mid-turn and post-turn human-agent interaction protocols, evaluating 18 agents with top performance at 31.6% on standard tasks.
PhoneWorld is a pipeline that converts real mobile trajectories into scalable controllable environments, yielding large gains on four benchmarks when used to supplement training data.
LearnWeak specializes small CUAs via weakness detection by a reference agent, targeted task synthesis, and error-aware training, delivering 11+ point gains on OSWorld.
OpenComputer introduces a verifier-grounded framework with state verifiers, self-evolving layers, task synthesis, and auditable evaluation for 33 desktop apps and 1000 tasks to support computer-use AI agents.
AQuaUI uses adaptive quadtrees to cut visual tokens in GUI-agent LMMs by up to 29.52% at inference time while retaining 99.06% of full-token accuracy on grounding and navigation benchmarks.
MementoGUI introduces a modular memory-control framework with working and episodic memory operators that improves long-horizon GUI agent performance over history-replay and text-only baselines.
ToolCUA introduces a trajectory scaling pipeline and staged RL to optimize GUI-tool switching, reaching 46.85% accuracy on OSWorld-MCP for a 66% relative gain over baseline.
Phone-use agents avoid harm more often through inability to act than through deliberate safe choices, so benchmarks must separate unsafe judgment from capability failure.
TIPO applies preference-intensity weighting and padding gating to stabilize preference optimization for privacy personalization in mobile GUI agents, yielding higher alignment and distinction metrics than prior methods.
citing papers explorer
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It Lied to a Doctor to Buy Poison Ingredients: Quantifying Real-World Misuse of Phone-use Agents
Phone-use agents on real devices complete harmful tasks like procuring toxic precursors at 68.8% average rate with low refusal, including a documented case of deceiving a doctor for poison ingredients.
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A History-Aware Visually Grounded Critic for Computer Use Agents
HiViG is a test-time critic that combines macro-action history summarization with visual grounding of execution coordinates to reduce short-sighted and visually erroneous actions in long-horizon GUI agents.
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Benchmarking Living-Screen-Native GUI Agents on Short-Video Platforms
Introduces LivingScreen benchmark for living-screen-native GUI agents on short-video platforms; frontier models fail to match human cost-accuracy due to over- and under-observation.
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AndroidDaily: A Verifiable Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents on Real-World Closed-Source Applications
AndroidDaily supplies 350 verifiable tasks on 94 closed-source Android apps evaluated by GRADE (87.37% human agreement), with the strongest model achieving 62% success.
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ScaleWoB: Guiding GUI Agents with Coding Agents via Large-Scale Environmental Synthesis
ScaleWoB generates 100+ synthetic interactive GUI environments and 1000+ verifiable tasks as web pages, releasing a 120-task mobile benchmark where state-of-the-art agents achieve 27.92% success (17.82% on long-horizon tasks) versus 92.08% for humans, with synthetic results generalizing to real apps
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Covering Human Action Space for Computer Use: Data Synthesis and Benchmark
Presents CUActSpot benchmark and renderer-LLM data synthesis that lets a 4B model outperform larger open-source models on complex computer interactions.
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What Happens Before Decoding? Prefill Determines GUI Grounding in VLMs
GUI grounding in VLMs is bottlenecked by prefill-stage candidate selection that decoding cannot fix, so Re-Prefill uses attention to extract and re-inject target tokens for up to 4.3% gains on ScreenSpot-Pro.
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Benchmarking and Improving GUI Agents in High-Dynamic Environments
DynamicUI improves GUI agent performance in high-dynamic environments by processing interaction videos with frame clustering, action-conditioned refinement, and reflection, outperforming prior approaches on the new DynamicGUIBench spanning ten applications.
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RiskWebWorld: A Realistic Interactive Benchmark for GUI Agents in E-commerce Risk Management
RiskWebWorld is the first realistic interactive benchmark for GUI agents in e-commerce risk management, revealing a large gap between generalist and specialized models plus RL gains.
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What Memory Do GUI Agents Really Need? From Passive Records to Active Task-Driving States
Introduces Active Task Driving Memory (ATMem) and STR-GRPO to move GUI agents from passive record storage to actively maintained task states, tested on a new mobile benchmark with progress and scope-aware metrics.
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One Forward Beats Two: InnerZoom for Accurate and Efficient GUI Grounding
InnerZoom bridges cross-layer evidence in one forward pass to achieve SOTA GUI grounding accuracy on six benchmarks while cutting latency up to 31.8% versus two-pass baselines.
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PhoneBuddy: Training Open Models for Agentic Phone Use
PhoneBuddy combines real-app and mock-app RL after shared SFT, raising real-phone task success from 36.67% to 45.33% and AndroidWorld from 60.3% to 83.2%.
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MemGUI-Agent: An End-to-End Long-Horizon Mobile GUI Agent with Proactive Context Management
MemGUI-Agent uses Context-as-Action (ConAct) for proactive context management in long-horizon GUI tasks, trained on the MemGUI-3K dataset to achieve top 8B-model results on MemGUI-Bench and MobileWorld.
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Skill-Guided Continuation Distillation for GUI Agents
SGCD generates supervision for off-trajectory states in GUI agents by mixing expert trajectories with continuations produced by a skill-guided policy after the base policy reaches those states.
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Beyond the GUI Paradigm: Do Mobile Agents Need the Phone Screen?
CLI-based coding agents outperform GUI baselines on AndroidWorld and MobileWorld, with oracles reaching 88.8% and 86.3% solvability and a new CLI-Advantage suite showing CLI superiority in bulk operations, filtering, aggregation, cross-app workflows, and hidden state.
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DeskCraft: Benchmarking Desktop Agents on Professional Workflows and Human-in-the-Loop Collaboration
DeskCraft provides 538 tasks across design, video, audio, and 3D software with a multilevel taxonomy and formalized mid-turn and post-turn human-agent interaction protocols, evaluating 18 agents with top performance at 31.6% on standard tasks.
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PhoneWorld: Scaling Phone-Use Agent Environments
PhoneWorld is a pipeline that converts real mobile trajectories into scalable controllable environments, yielding large gains on four benchmarks when used to supplement training data.
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Learn from Weaknesses: Automated Domain Specialization for Small Computer-Use Agents
LearnWeak specializes small CUAs via weakness detection by a reference agent, targeted task synthesis, and error-aware training, delivering 11+ point gains on OSWorld.
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OpenComputer: Verifiable Software Worlds for Computer-Use Agents
OpenComputer introduces a verifier-grounded framework with state verifiers, self-evolving layers, task synthesis, and auditable evaluation for 33 desktop apps and 1000 tasks to support computer-use AI agents.
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AQuaUI: Visual Token Reduction for GUI Agents with Adaptive Quadtrees
AQuaUI uses adaptive quadtrees to cut visual tokens in GUI-agent LMMs by up to 29.52% at inference time while retaining 99.06% of full-token accuracy on grounding and navigation benchmarks.
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MementoGUI: Learning Agentic Multimodal Memory Control for Long-Horizon GUI Agents
MementoGUI introduces a modular memory-control framework with working and episodic memory operators that improves long-horizon GUI agent performance over history-replay and text-only baselines.
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ToolCUA: Towards Optimal GUI-Tool Path Orchestration for Computer Use Agents
ToolCUA introduces a trajectory scaling pipeline and staged RL to optimize GUI-tool switching, reaching 46.85% accuracy on OSWorld-MCP for a 66% relative gain over baseline.
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Safe, or Simply Incapable? Rethinking Safety Evaluation for Phone-Use Agents
Phone-use agents avoid harm more often through inability to act than through deliberate safe choices, so benchmarks must separate unsafe judgment from capability failure.
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Mobile GUI Agent Privacy Personalization with Trajectory Induced Preference Optimization
TIPO applies preference-intensity weighting and padding gating to stabilize preference optimization for privacy personalization in mobile GUI agents, yielding higher alignment and distinction metrics than prior methods.
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StainFlow: Entity-Stain Tracking and Evidence Linking for Process Rewards in GUI Agents
StainFlow proposes global entity stain tracking and local stain evidence linking modules to improve process rewards for GUI agents, reporting 3.2% relative gain in online RL success and 1.8% in judgment accuracy on AndroidWorld and OGRBench.
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Xiaomi-GUI-0 Technical Report
Xiaomi-GUI-0 reports 72.0% success on RealMobile and 78.9% on AndroidWorld via real-device closed-loop training with multi-source data and three-stage RL pipeline.
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How Mobile World Model Guides GUI Agents?
World models trained on delta text, full text, diffusion images, and renderable code achieve SoTA on two benchmarks and improve downstream GUI agent performance on three mobile datasets with modality-specific strengths.
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Securing Computer-Use Agents: A Unified Architecture-Lifecycle Framework for Deployment-Grounded Reliability
The paper develops a unified framework that organizes computer-use agent reliability around perception-decision-execution layers and creation-deployment-operation-maintenance stages to map security and alignment interventions.
- MobileForge: Annotation-Free Adaptation for Mobile GUI Agents with Hierarchical Feedback-Guided Policy Optimization