Imprint compresses egocentric observations into interaction patterns via online memory compression, raising QA accuracy from 31.0% to 35.8% while cutting memory 2.3× and latency 11.8× on a seven-day benchmark.
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Video-ChatGPT: Towards Detailed Video Understanding via Large Vision and Language Models
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abstract
Conversation agents fueled by Large Language Models (LLMs) are providing a new way to interact with visual data. While there have been initial attempts for image-based conversation models, this work addresses the under-explored field of \emph{video-based conversation} by introducing Video-ChatGPT. It is a multimodal model that merges a video-adapted visual encoder with an LLM. The resulting model is capable of understanding and generating detailed conversations about videos. We introduce a new dataset of 100,000 video-instruction pairs used to train Video-ChatGPT acquired via manual and semi-automated pipeline that is easily scalable and robust to label noise. We also develop a quantitative evaluation framework for video-based dialogue models to objectively analyze the strengths and weaknesses of video-based dialogue models. Code: https://github.com/mbzuai-oryx/Video-ChatGPT.
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representative citing papers
Introduces VidPair-Halluc benchmark of 1K background-controlled adversarial video pairs and 11K QA pairs generated via PairFlow pipeline to evaluate hallucination in LVMs.
SelfBootTok decomposes image tokens into global and local groups via self-bootstrapped learning, enabling generators to use only global tokens for ~40% less computation and a new SOTA gFID of 1.56 with 64 tokens.
NextMotionQA benchmark reveals VLMs have critical gaps in fine-grained human motion understanding and align with experts on coarse judgment (κ=0.70) but not fine-grained (κ=0.10).
AffectVerse improves multimodal emotion recognition by at least 2.57% on nine benchmarks through an Emotion World Module that performs short-horizon latent affective prediction via cross-modal temporal imagination and belief aggregation.
SPOT-Bench tests real-time streaming video perception with timeliness metrics, exposing limitations in current models and introducing AsynKV as an improved baseline.
MCSC-Bench is the first large-scale dataset for the Multimodal Context-to-Script Creation task, requiring models to select relevant shots from redundant materials, plan missing shots, and generate coherent scripts with voiceovers.
Introduces TennisTV benchmark for evaluating 17 MLLMs on tennis video understanding from stroke-level to rally-level tasks with automated pipelines and human verification.
Video-Holmes benchmark shows top MLLMs achieve at most 45% accuracy on tasks needing integration of multiple clues from suspense films, unlike existing perception-focused tests.
PyramidDrop accelerates LVLMs by staged, similarity-based dropping of visual tokens that become redundant in deeper layers, delivering 40% faster training and 55% lower inference cost with comparable accuracy.
MuirBench is a new benchmark showing that top multimodal LLMs struggle with robust multi-image understanding, with GPT-4o at 68% and open-source models below 33% accuracy.
LVBench is a new benchmark for extreme long video understanding that evaluates multimodal large language models on hour-scale videos using tasks designed to probe extended memory and comprehension.
MLVU is a new benchmark for long video understanding that uses extended videos across diverse genres and multi-task evaluations, revealing that current MLLMs struggle significantly and degrade sharply with longer durations.
SEED-Bench is a new benchmark of 19K multiple-choice questions for evaluating generative comprehension in multimodal LLMs across 12 image and video dimensions.
EFlow improves long-video QA by separating clip-finding from answering and adding a confidence trigger that re-reads the full video when unsure.
VisReflect generates continuous latent visual reflections to emphasize relevant visual features and guide attention in LVLMs, yielding 4.1% gains on image benchmarks and 1.8% on video benchmarks with 44% less inference time than zooming methods.
Egocentric Scene Graphs convert long videos into short structured text so MLLMs can answer questions about entire sequences, achieving SOTA on HD-EPIC VQA.
Empirical audit of LAION-2B-en and LAION-2B-multi finds overrepresentation of young adults, White people, and males plus stereotypical emotion associations across two attribute classifiers.
HPP decouples perception from reasoning in long-video VLMs by having an LLM run iterative programmatic probes on hierarchically segmented video, reporting gains on LongVideoBench, EgoSchema, VideoMME, and MLVU.
HYDRA-X presents the first unified multimodal model using a single ViT for holistic image-video tokenization, with ablations on attention and compression plus a latent-level editing improvement.
CREDiT applies counterfactual reasoning via structural causal models to decompose video representations into causal and non-causal parts for more reliable VideoQA on datasets like NExT-GQA and SportsQA.
LyraV uses FDTC and SToP for per-frame incremental decoding to reach 98.29% video synchrony at 3.89 FPS while preserving general understanding.
DynFrame introduces tokenized learnable span-density retrieval and Segment-Decoupled GRPO in video MLLMs, achieving competitive or SOTA results on six benchmarks with 4B and 8B models.
WeatherSyn is the first instruction-tuned MLLM for weather forecasting report generation, outperforming closed-source models on a new dataset of 31 US cities across 8 weather aspects.
citing papers explorer
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Imprint: Online Memory Compression for Long-Horizon Egocentric QA
Imprint compresses egocentric observations into interaction patterns via online memory compression, raising QA accuracy from 31.0% to 35.8% while cutting memory 2.3× and latency 11.8× on a seven-day benchmark.
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No Place to Hide: Benchmarking Video Hallucination with Background-Controlled Pairs
Introduces VidPair-Halluc benchmark of 1K background-controlled adversarial video pairs and 11K QA pairs generated via PairFlow pipeline to evaluate hallucination in LVMs.
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Balancing Image Compression and Generation with Bootstrapped Tokenization
SelfBootTok decomposes image tokens into global and local groups via self-bootstrapped learning, enabling generators to use only global tokens for ~40% less computation and a new SOTA gFID of 1.56 with 64 tokens.
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NextMotionQA: Benchmarking and Judging Human Motion Understanding with Vision-Language Models
NextMotionQA benchmark reveals VLMs have critical gaps in fine-grained human motion understanding and align with experts on coarse judgment (κ=0.70) but not fine-grained (κ=0.10).
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AffectVerse: Emotional World Models for Multimodal Affective Computing
AffectVerse improves multimodal emotion recognition by at least 2.57% on nine benchmarks through an Emotion World Module that performs short-horizon latent affective prediction via cross-modal temporal imagination and belief aggregation.
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Don't Pause! Every prediction matters in a streaming video
SPOT-Bench tests real-time streaming video perception with timeliness metrics, exposing limitations in current models and introducing AsynKV as an improved baseline.
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MCSC-Bench: Multimodal Context-to-Script Creation for Realistic Video Production
MCSC-Bench is the first large-scale dataset for the Multimodal Context-to-Script Creation task, requiring models to select relevant shots from redundant materials, plan missing shots, and generate coherent scripts with voiceovers.
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TennisTV: Do Multimodal Large Language Models Understand Tennis Rallies?
Introduces TennisTV benchmark for evaluating 17 MLLMs on tennis video understanding from stroke-level to rally-level tasks with automated pipelines and human verification.
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Video-Holmes: Can MLLM Think Like Holmes for Complex Video Reasoning?
Video-Holmes benchmark shows top MLLMs achieve at most 45% accuracy on tasks needing integration of multiple clues from suspense films, unlike existing perception-focused tests.
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PyramidDrop: Accelerating Your Large Vision-Language Models via Pyramid Visual Redundancy Reduction
PyramidDrop accelerates LVLMs by staged, similarity-based dropping of visual tokens that become redundant in deeper layers, delivering 40% faster training and 55% lower inference cost with comparable accuracy.
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MuirBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Robust Multi-image Understanding
MuirBench is a new benchmark showing that top multimodal LLMs struggle with robust multi-image understanding, with GPT-4o at 68% and open-source models below 33% accuracy.
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LVBench: An Extreme Long Video Understanding Benchmark
LVBench is a new benchmark for extreme long video understanding that evaluates multimodal large language models on hour-scale videos using tasks designed to probe extended memory and comprehension.
-
MLVU: Benchmarking Multi-task Long Video Understanding
MLVU is a new benchmark for long video understanding that uses extended videos across diverse genres and multi-task evaluations, revealing that current MLLMs struggle significantly and degrade sharply with longer durations.
-
SEED-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs with Generative Comprehension
SEED-Bench is a new benchmark of 19K multiple-choice questions for evaluating generative comprehension in multimodal LLMs across 12 image and video dimensions.
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EFlow: Learning Evidence Flow for Long-Video Reasoning with Adaptive Reflection
EFlow improves long-video QA by separating clip-finding from answering and adding a confidence trigger that re-reads the full video when unsure.
-
VisReflect: Latent Visual Reflection for Fine-Grained Perception in Long Visual Context
VisReflect generates continuous latent visual reflections to emphasize relevant visual features and guide attention in LVLMs, yielding 4.1% gains on image benchmarks and 1.8% on video benchmarks with 44% less inference time than zooming methods.
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Graph it first! Enabling Reasoning on Long-form Egocentric Videos through Scene Graphs
Egocentric Scene Graphs convert long videos into short structured text so MLLMs can answer questions about entire sequences, achieving SOTA on HD-EPIC VQA.
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Unmasking LAION-5B: Age, Gender, Race, and Emotion Biases in Large-Scale Image Datasets
Empirical audit of LAION-2B-en and LAION-2B-multi finds overrepresentation of young adults, White people, and males plus stereotypical emotion associations across two attribute classifiers.
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HPP: Hierarchical Programmatic Probing for Long Video Understanding by Decoupling Perception and Reasoning
HPP decouples perception from reasoning in long-video VLMs by having an LLM run iterative programmatic probes on hierarchically segmented video, reporting gains on LongVideoBench, EgoSchema, VideoMME, and MLVU.
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HYDRA-X: Native Unified Multimodal Models with Holistic Visual Tokenizers
HYDRA-X presents the first unified multimodal model using a single ViT for holistic image-video tokenization, with ablations on attention and compression plus a latent-level editing improvement.
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Counterfactual Reasoning for Fine-Grained Evidence Disentanglement in VideoQA
CREDiT applies counterfactual reasoning via structural causal models to decompose video representations into causal and non-causal parts for more reliable VideoQA on datasets like NExT-GQA and SportsQA.
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Don't Pause: Streaming Video-Language Synchrony for Online Video Understanding
LyraV uses FDTC and SToP for per-frame incremental decoding to reach 98.29% video synchrony at 3.89 FPS while preserving general understanding.
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DynFrame: Adaptive Reasoning-Driven Multimodal Framework with Dynamic Frame Augmentation for Complex Video Understanding
DynFrame introduces tokenized learnable span-density retrieval and Segment-Decoupled GRPO in video MLLMs, achieving competitive or SOTA results on six benchmarks with 4B and 8B models.
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WeatherSyn: An Instruction Tuning MLLM For Weather Forecasting Report Generation
WeatherSyn is the first instruction-tuned MLLM for weather forecasting report generation, outperforming closed-source models on a new dataset of 31 US cities across 8 weather aspects.
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Reward-Decomposed Reinforcement Learning for Immersive Video Role-Playing
EBM-RL applies a GRPO-based RL method with decomposed rewards for scene alignment, perceptual utility, faithfulness, and format to improve video-grounded role-playing dialogue over text-only baselines.
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WindowQuant: Mixed-Precision KV Cache Quantization based on Window-Level Similarity for VLMs Inference Optimization
WindowQuant performs window-adaptive mixed-precision KV cache quantization guided by similarity to the text prompt, with reordering to enable efficient inference in VLMs.
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Video Active Perception: Effective Inference-Time Long-Form Video Understanding with Vision-Language Models
VAP is a training-free active-perception method that improves zero-shot long-form video QA performance and frame efficiency up to 5.6x in VLMs by selecting keyframes that differ from priors generated by a text-conditioned video model.
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One Token per Highly Selective Frame: Towards Extreme Compression for Long Video Understanding
XComp reaches extreme video compression (one token per selective frame) via learnable progressive token compression and question-conditioned frame selection, lifting LVBench accuracy from 42.9 percent to 46.2 percent after tuning on 2.5 percent of standard data.
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ViLL-E: Video LLM Embeddings for Retrieval
ViLL-E introduces a dynamic embedding mechanism and joint contrastive-generative training for VideoLLMs, delivering up to 7% gains in temporal localization and 4% in video retrieval while enabling new zero-shot capabilities.
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VERTIGO: Visual Preference Optimization for Cinematic Camera Trajectory Generation
VERTIGO post-trains camera trajectory generators with visual preference signals from Unity-rendered previews scored by a cinematically fine-tuned VLM, cutting character off-screen rates from 38% to near zero while improving framing and prompt adherence.
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Skyra: AI-Generated Video Detection via Grounded Artifact Reasoning
Skyra is an MLLM that detects AI-generated videos by identifying and reasoning over grounded visual artifacts, supported by a new annotated dataset and benchmark.
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Perceive, Verify and Understand Long Video: Multi-Granular Perception and Active Verification via Interactive Agents
CogniGPT uses an interactive loop between a Multi-Granular Perception Agent and an Active Verification Agent to identify reliable clues in long videos with high accuracy and low frame usage.
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B4DL: A Benchmark for 4D LiDAR LLM in Spatio-Temporal Understanding
B4DL provides a new benchmark, scalable data generation pipeline, and MLLM architecture for direct spatio-temporal reasoning on raw 4D LiDAR data.
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UniMind: Unleashing the Power of LLMs for Unified Multi-Task Brain Decoding
UniMind unifies multi-task brain decoding from EEG by bridging signals to LLMs via a Neuro-Language Connector and dynamic task queries, outperforming prior models by 12% on average across ten datasets.
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One Trajectory, One Token: Grounded Video Tokenization via Panoptic Sub-object Trajectory
TrajViT tokenizes videos via panoptic sub-object trajectories, achieving 10x token reduction and outperforming ViT3D by 6% on retrieval and 5.2% on VideoQA tasks with faster training and inference.
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LiveVLM: Efficient Online Video Understanding via Streaming-Oriented KV Cache and Retrieval
LiveVLM introduces VSB and PaR to compress and retrieve KV cache in streaming video LLMs, enabling LLaVA-OneVision to reach SOTA accuracy among training-free query-agnostic and training-based online models.
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FaVChat: Hierarchical Prompt-Query Guided Facial Video Understanding with Data-Efficient GRPO
FaVChat proposes hierarchical prompt-query guided visual features and Data-Efficient GRPO for efficient training, plus the FaVChat-170K dataset, claiming consistent outperformance over prior VLLMs on facial video tasks.
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Uni-NaVid: A Video-based Vision-Language-Action Model for Unifying Embodied Navigation Tasks
Uni-NaVid unifies diverse embodied navigation tasks into one video-based vision-language-action model trained on 3.6 million samples from four sub-tasks, achieving state-of-the-art performance on benchmarks and real-world tests.
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PPLLaVA: Varied Video Sequence Understanding With Prompt Guidance
PPLLaVA uses CLIP-based alignment and prompt-guided convolution-style pooling to reduce visual tokens 18x in Video LLMs, achieving SOTA results on captioning, QA, and long-form reasoning benchmarks with higher throughput.
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LongVU: Spatiotemporal Adaptive Compression for Long Video-Language Understanding
LongVU adaptively compresses long video tokens using DINOv2-based frame deduplication, text-guided cross-modal selection, and temporal spatial reduction to improve video-language understanding in MLLMs with minimal detail loss.
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What to Say and When to Say it: Live Fitness Coaching as a Testbed for Situated Interaction
Introduces the QEVD benchmark for asynchronous situated interaction in fitness coaching and proposes a streaming baseline to address limitations of existing vision-language models.
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TempCompass: Do Video LLMs Really Understand Videos?
TempCompass benchmark reveals that state-of-the-art Video LLMs have poor ability to perceive temporal aspects such as speed, direction, and ordering in videos.
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MVBench: A Comprehensive Multi-modal Video Understanding Benchmark
MVBench is a benchmark of 20 temporal video understanding tasks built by transforming static tasks into dynamic ones, with VideoChat2 outperforming prior MLLMs by over 15%.
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Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before Projection
Video-LLaVA creates a unified visual representation for images and videos via pre-projection alignment, enabling mutual enhancement from joint training and strong results on image and video benchmarks.
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SALMONN: Towards Generic Hearing Abilities for Large Language Models
SALMONN integrates speech and audio encoders with a text-based LLM to process general audio inputs, achieve competitive results on trained tasks, and exhibit emergent cross-modal abilities.
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InternVid: A Large-scale Video-Text Dataset for Multimodal Understanding and Generation
InternVid supplies 7M videos and LLM captions to train ViCLIP, which reaches leading zero-shot action recognition and competitive retrieval performance.
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Otter: A Multi-Modal Model with In-Context Instruction Tuning
Otter is a multi-modal model instruction-tuned on the MIMIC-IT dataset of over 3 million in-context instruction-response pairs to improve convergence and generalization on tasks with multiple images and videos.
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LiveStarPro: Proactive Streaming Video Understanding with Hierarchical Memory for Long-Horizon Streams
LiveStarPro uses SVeD for response timing via perplexity, SCAM for incremental alignment, and TSHM for event-chain memory to achieve 28.9% better semantic correctness and 1.58x speedup on long video streams.
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Question-Aware Evidence Ledgers for Video Relational Reasoning
A pipeline using question-aware evidence ledgers with GPT-5.5 achieves 92.95% overall and 93.79% macro accuracy on the VRR-QA video relational reasoning challenge.
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MuKV: Multi-Grained KV Cache Compression for Long Streaming Video Question-Answering
MuKV adds multi-grained KV cache compression at patch-frame-segment levels plus semi-hierarchical retrieval to raise accuracy and cut memory in long video question-answering.