Lattice QCD results show the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of gluon plasma reaches a minimum near the transition temperature Tc while the bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio decreases monotonically from 0.76 to 2.25 Tc.
Energy-momentum tensor on the lattice: non-perturbative renormalization in Yang--Mills theory
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abstract
We construct an energy-momentum tensor on the lattice which satisfies the appropriate Ward Identities (WIs) and has the right trace anomaly in the continuum limit. It is defined by imposing suitable WIs associated to the Poincare` invariance of the continuum theory. These relations come forth when the length of the box in the temporal direction is finite, and they take a particularly simple form if the coordinate and the periodicity axes are not aligned. We implement the method for the SU(3) Yang--Mills theory discretized with the standard Wilson action in presence of shifted boundary conditions in the (short) temporal direction. By carrying out extensive numerical simulations, the renormalization constants of the traceless components of the tensor are determined with a precision of roughly half a percent for values of the bare coupling constant in the range 0<= g^2_0<=1.
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hep-lat 2years
2026 2representative citing papers
The authors determine the renormalization constants z_T and Z_T for the energy-momentum tensor in the non-singlet sector using a modified lattice action with shifted boundary conditions and gradient-flow coupling.
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Shear and bulk viscosities of the gluon plasma across the transition temperature from lattice QCD
Lattice QCD results show the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of gluon plasma reaches a minimum near the transition temperature Tc while the bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio decreases monotonically from 0.76 to 2.25 Tc.
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Non-perturbative renormalization of the energy momentum tensor in the 2d O(3) nonlinear sigma model
The authors determine the renormalization constants z_T and Z_T for the energy-momentum tensor in the non-singlet sector using a modified lattice action with shifted boundary conditions and gradient-flow coupling.