{"work":{"id":"5d8d3ec5-6604-4b97-9314-bcb00d75355c","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2912395310","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stz937","arxiv_id":"1901.10203","raw_key":null,"title":"Simba: Cosmological Simulations with Black Hole Growth and Feedback","authors":[{"ORCID":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2842-9434","given":"Romeel","family":"Davé","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Royal Observatory, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK"},{"name":"University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa"},{"name":"South African Astronomical Observatories, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa"}],"authenticated-orcid":false},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Anglés-Alcázar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7064-4309","given":"Desika","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, 211 Bryant Space Sciences Center, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA"},{"name":"University of Florida Informatics Institute, 432 Newell Drive, CISE Bldg E251, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA"},{"name":"Cosmic Dawn Center at the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen and DTU-Space, DK-2100, Technical University of Denmark"}],"authenticated-orcid":false},{"ORCID":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8015-2298","given":"Qi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, 211 Bryant Space Sciences Center, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA"}],"authenticated-orcid":false},{"given":"Mika H","family":"Rafieferantsoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa"},{"name":"South African Astronomical Observatories, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Appleby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astronomy, Royal Observatory, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK"}]}],"authors_text":"Davé, Romeel and Anglés-Alcázar, Daniel and Narayanan, Desika and Li, Qi and Rafieferantsoa, Mika H and Appleby, Sarah , title = \"","year":2019,"venue":"astro-ph.GA","abstract":"We introduce the Simba simulations, the next generation of the Mufasa cosmological galaxy formation simulations run with Gizmo's meshless finite mass hydrodynamics. Simba includes updates to Mufasa's sub-resolution star formation and feedback prescriptions, and introduces black hole growth via the torque-limited accretion model of Angl\\'es-Alc\\'azar et al. (2017) from cold gas and Bondi accretion from hot gas, along with black hole feedback via kinetic bipolar outflows and X-ray energy. Ejection velocities are taken to be ~10^3 km/s at high Eddington ratios, increasing to ~8000 km/s at Eddington ratios below 2%, with a constant momentum input of 20L/c. Simba further includes an on-the-fly dust production, growth, and destruction model. Our Simba run with (100 Mpc/h)^3 and 1024^3 gas elements reproduces numerous observables, including galaxy stellar mass functions at z=0-6, the stellar mass--star formation rate main sequence, HI and H2 fractions, the mass-metallicity relation at z=0 and z=2, star-forming galaxy sizes, hot gas fractions in massive halos, and z=0 galaxy dust properties. However, Simba also yields an insufficiently sharp truncation of the z=0 mass function, and too-large sizes for low-mass quenched galaxies. We show that Simba's jet feedback is primarily responsible for quenching massive galaxies.","external_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.10203","cited_by_count":1023,"metadata_source":"pith","metadata_fetched_at":"2026-07-07T17:24:00.791099+00:00","pith_arxiv_id":"1901.10203","created_at":"2026-05-08T19:19:03.323323+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-11T11:50:26.030339+00:00","title_quality_ok":true,"display_title":"Simba: Cosmological Simulations with Black Hole Growth and Feedback","render_title":"Simba: Cosmological Simulations with Black Hole Growth and Feedback"},"hub":{"state":{"work_id":"5d8d3ec5-6604-4b97-9314-bcb00d75355c","tier":"hub","tier_reason":"10+ Pith inbound or 1,000+ external citations","pith_inbound_count":42,"external_cited_by_count":1023,"distinct_field_count":4,"first_pith_cited_at":"2025-07-22T00:07:16+00:00","last_pith_cited_at":"2026-07-06T17:02:03+00:00","author_build_status":"not_needed","summary_status":"needed","contexts_status":"needed","graph_status":"needed","ask_index_status":"not_needed","reader_status":"not_needed","recognition_status":"not_needed","updated_at":"2026-08-21T21:09:53.273334+00:00","tier_text":"hub"},"tier":"hub","role_counts":[{"context_role":"background","n":2},{"context_role":"method","n":1}],"polarity_counts":[{"context_polarity":"background","n":2},{"context_polarity":"use_method","n":1}],"runs":{},"summary":{},"graph":{},"authors":[]}}